Table 1 General characteristics of women with normal glucose tolerance and those who developed GDM
From: Nomogram for prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus in urban, Chinese, pregnant women
Retrospective cohort (n = 3956) | Prospective cohort (n = 6572) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GDM (n = 662) | Non-GDM (n = 3294) | P | GDM (n = 739) | Non-GDM (n = 5833) | P | |
Age, years | 31.73 ± 3.74 | 30.39 ± 3.52 | < 0.001 | 32.24 ± 3.95 | 30.66 ± 3.69 | < 0.001 |
Pre-BMI, kg/m2 | 22.63 ± 3.43 | 21.21 ± 2.71 | < 0.001 | 22.45 ± 3.37 | 21.04 ± 2.69 | < 0.001 |
Categorized pre-BMI | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Underweight, n (%) | 47 (7.10) | 365 (11.80) | 61 (9.06) | 812 (14.53) | ||
Normal weight, n (%) | 436 (65.86) | 2513 (76.29) | 434 (64.49) | 4070 (72.85) | ||
Overweight, n (%) | 128 (19.33) | 348 (10.56) | 127 (18.87) | 557 (9.97) | ||
Obese, n (%) | 51 (7.70) | 68 (2.06) | 51 (7.58) | 115 (2.06) | ||
FH, n (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
No | 403 (60.90) | 2468 (74.90) | 530 (71.70) | 4960 (85.00) | ||
Yes | 259 (39.10) | 826 (25.10) | 209 (28.30) | 873 (15.00) | ||
FPG, mmol/L | 4.61 ± 0.45 | 4.42 ± 0.38 | < 0.001 | 4.59 ± 0.52 | 4.38 ± 0.38 | < 0.001 |
Parity, n (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Nullipara | 498 (75.23) | 2697 (81.88) | 507 (68.61) | 4337 (74.35) | ||
Primi or multipara | 164 (24.77) | 597 (18.12) | 232 (31.39) | 1496 (25.65) | ||
Educational levels, n (%) | 0.314 | 0.074 | ||||
Primary education | 194 (29.31) | 867 (26.32) | 82 (11.10) | 519 (8.89) | ||
Bachelor | 362 (54.68) | 1825 (55.40) | 529 (71.58) | 4173 (71.54) | ||
Master | 99 (14.95) | 557 (16.91) | 111 (15.02) | 1011 (17.33) | ||
Doctor | 7 (1.06) | 45 (1.37) | 16 (2.30) | 130 (2.23) | ||
Fetal sex, n (%) | 0.095 | 0.399 | ||||
Male | 332 (50.15) | 1535 (46.59) | 345 (46.68) | 2815 (48.26) | ||
Female | 330 (49.85) | 1759 (53.40) | 394 (53.32) | 3018 (51.74) | ||