Table 2 Simple multinomial regression analysis for the association of subjects’ characteristics with gestational weight gain (GWG)
| Â | Insufficient | Excessive |
|---|---|---|
OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
Mother’s Age (years) | ||
 18–24.9 | Ref | Ref |
 25–29.9 | 0.64 (0.26,1.58) | 0.64 (0.26,1.57) |
  ≥ 30 | 0.68 (0.31,1.53) | 0.95 (0.43,2.07) |
Nationality | ||
 Emirati | Ref | Ref |
 Arab | 0.95 (0.501,1.79) | 1.15 (0.62,2.11) |
Education | ||
 Intermediate or less | Ref | Ref |
 High School/ Technical Diploma | 1.80 (0.65,5.00) | 0.96 (0.41,2.26) |
 University | 2.57 (0.86,7.65) | 1.16 (0.46,3.00) |
Employment Status | ||
 Employee | Ref | Ref |
 Housewife | 0.80 (0.36,1.79) | 1.22 (0.54,2.75) |
Family Monthly Income (AED) | ||
  < 5000 | Ref | Ref |
 5000-10,000 | 0.40 (0.10,1.71) | 0.79 (0.18,3.54) |
  > 10,000 | 0.28 (0.07,1.15) | 0.64 (0.15,2.74) |
Parity | Â | Â |
 Primiparous | Ref | Ref |
 Multiparous | 0.53 (0.24,1.20) | 0.43 (0.20,0.94) |
Physical Activity (METs) | ||
 Low-Intensity Activity | Ref | Ref |
 Moderate /High Intensity Activity | 0.69 (0.36,1.34) | 0.74 (0.40,1.39) |
Daily Breakfast Consumption | ||
 No | Ref | Ref |
 Yes | 0.905 (0.45,1.77) | 1.05 (0.54,2.03) |
Pre-pregnancy BMIa | ||
 BMI < 25 | Ref | Ref |
 BMI ≥ 25 | 0.615 (0.33,1.16) | 2.88 (1.502,5.534) |
Gestational Diabetes | ||
 No | Ref | Ref |
 Yes | 1.30 (0.56,3.05) | 1.69 (0.77,3.73) |