Table 1 Baseline and obstetric data in cases and control groups
Variable | Cases group (n = 408) | Control group (n = 1300) | X 2 | P value (Sig.) | Crude Odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean ± SD) | 31.5 ± 5.2 | 30.7 ± 4.6 | 2.75# | 0.006 | – |
< 19 | 39 (9.6%) | 113 (8.7%) | 4.90 | 0.09 | 1.15 (0.78–1.69) |
20–34 | 326 (79.9%) | 1092 (84.0%) | 1.0 | ||
≥ 35 | 43 (10.5%) | 95 (7.3%) | 1.52 (1.03–2.21) | ||
Residence | |||||
Urban | 171 (41.9%) | 577 (44.4%) | 0.77 | 0.38 | 1.0 |
Rural | 237 (58.1%) | 723 (55.6%) | 1.11 (0.88–1.38) | ||
Parity | |||||
1–4 | 364 (89.2%) | 1184 (91.1%) | 1.27 | 0.25 | 1.0 |
> 4 | 44 (10.8%) | 116 (8.9%) | 1.23 (0.85–1.77) | ||
Gestational age | |||||
< 37 wks. | 54 (13.2%) | 147 (11.3%) | 1.11 | 0.29 | 1.20 (0.86–1.67) |
≥ 37 wks. | 354 (86.8%) | 1153 (88.7%) | 1.0 | ||
Type of the CS | |||||
Elective | 68 (16.6%) | 458 (35.2%) | 50.2 | ≤ 0.001** | 1.0 |
Emergency | 340 (83.4%) | 842 (64.8%) | 2.71 (2.04–3.61) | ||
Duration of CS | |||||
≤ 1 h | 39 (9.5%) | 383 (29.5%) | 66.1 | ≤ 0.001** | 1.0 |
> 1 h | 369 (91.5%) | 917 (70.5%) | 3.95 (2.78–5.61) | ||
Blood loss (> 1000 ml) | |||||
No | 357 (87.5%) | 1244 (95.7%) | 35.5 | ≤ 0.001** | 1.0 |
Yes | 51 (12.5%) | 56 (4.3%) | 3.17 (2.13–4.72) | ||
Duration of labor | |||||
< 24 h | 359 (88.0%) | 1219 (93.8%) | 14.8 | ≤ 0.001** | 1.0 |
≥ 24 h | 49 (12.0%) | 81 (6.2%) | 2.05 (1.41–2.98) | ||
Chorioamnionitis | |||||
No | 326 (79.9%) | 1271 (97.8%) | 163.1 | ≤ 0.001** | 1.0 |
Yes | 82 (20.1%) | 29 (2.2%) | 11.02 (7.09–17.1) | ||
PROM | |||||
No | 173 (42.4%) | 1116 (85.9%) | 316.1 | ≤ 0.001** | 1.0 |
Yes | 235 (57.6%) | 184 (14.1%) | 8.32 (6.41–10.58) | ||
ANC visits | |||||
No | 178 (43.6%) | 276 (21.2%) | 84.1 | ≤ 0.001** | 3.49 (2.60–4.70) |
1–4 | 143 (35.1%) | 552 (42.5%) | ≤ 0.001** | 2.48 (1.91–3.23) | |
> 4 | 87 (21.3%) | 472 (36.3%) | 1.0 | ||
Obesity | |||||
No | 363 (89.0%) | 1173 (90.2%) | 0.54 | 0.46 | 1.0 |
Yes | 45 (11.0%) | 127 (9.8%) | 1.14 (0.80–1.64) | ||
Diabetes Mellitus | |||||
No | 373 (91.4%) | 1233 (94.8%) | 6.45 | 0.011* | 1.0 |
Yes | 35 (8.6%) | 67 (5.2%) | 1.72 (1.13–2.64) | ||