Table 1 Characteristics of deliveries with and without severe maternal morbidity, California, 2007–2014 (n = 3,556,205)
Prevalence in deliveries with severe maternal morbidity (n = 47,973) No. (%) | Prevalence in deliveries without severe maternal morbidity (n = 3,508,232) No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
Risk factors of interest – dichotomous | ||
Maternal age at delivery ≥35 years | 11,173 (24) | 639,568 (18) |
Pre-pregnancy obesity | 10,610 (22) | 741,309 (21) |
Pre-pregnancy comorbidity | 6937 (15) | 235,128 (7) |
Cesarean delivery | 29,532 (62) | 1,143,410 (33) |
Risk factors of interest – multiple categories | ||
Maternal age at delivery (years) | ||
< 20 | 4504 (9) | 281,469 (8) |
20–24 | 9396 (20) | 731,140 (21) |
25–29 | 11,077 (23) | 939,816 (27) |
30–34 | 11,823 (25) | 916,240 (26) |
35–39 | 8188 (17) | 509,148 (15) |
≥ 40 | 2985 (6) | 130,420 (4) |
Pre-pregnancy BMI group | ||
Underweight | 2092 (4) | 141,100 (4) |
Normal weight | 22,902 (48) | 1,717,722 (49) |
Overweight | 12,369 (26) | 907,102 (26) |
Obesity Class 1 | 6111 (13) | 446,573 (13) |
Obesity Class 2 | 2660 (6) | 185,634 (5) |
Obesity Class 3 | 1839 (4) | 109,102 (3) |
Pre-pregnancy comorbidity | ||
Pre-pregnancy hypertension | 2319 (5) | 60,222 (2) |
Pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus | 1225 (3) | 39,299 (4) |
Asthma | 2613 (5) | 125,423 (4) |
Other comorbidity1 | 2116 (15) | 26,159 (7) |
Delivery method | ||
Vaginal without induction | 14,190 (39) | 1,955,468 (63) |
Vaginal with induction | 4251 (12) | 409,355 (13) |
Primary cesarean without induction | 5977 (16) | 169,941 (6) |
Primary cesarean with induction | 1366 (4) | 37,317 (1) |
Repeat cesarean | 11,053 (30) | 542,575 (17) |
Sociodemographic factors | ||
Maternal education | ||
Did not complete high school | 12,399 (26) | 795,985 (23) |
High school graduate or GED completed | 12,659 (26) | 914,409 (26) |
Some college – no degree | 11,335 (24) | 867,550 (25) |
College degree or higher | 11,580 (24) | 930,289 (27) |
Private health insurance | 21,016 (44) | 1,672,011 (48) |
Maternal race/ethnicity | ||
U.S.-born Hispanic/Latina | 12,915 (27) | 904,233 (26) |
Foreign-born Hispanic/Latina | 12,418 (26) | 903,320 (26) |
Non-Hispanic White | 10,418 (22) | 928,670 (26) |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 6105 (13) | 438,649 (13) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 3852 (8) | 176,510 (5) |
Other | 2265 (5) | 156,851 (5) |
Obstetric history | ||
Primiparous | 21,134 (44) | 1,391,190 (40) |
Multiparous without prior cesarean | 15,617 (33) | 1,535,819 (44) |
Multiparous with prior cesarean | 11,222 (23) | 581,224 (17) |
Twin/multiple birth | 54,189 (2) | 3114 (6) |
Preterm birth (< 37 weeks) | 261,427 (7) | 10,896 (23) |
Placenta previa or abruption | 5199 (11) | 56,171 (2) |
Preeclampsia | 7116 (15) | 116,198 (3) |