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Table 2 Risk of obstetrics, perinatal and neonatal complications among study groups

From: Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of singleton pregnancies conceived via assisted reproductive technology complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

Variables

ART

(n = 125)

ART-GDM

(n = 135)

SC-GDM

(n = 152)

SC

(n = 162)

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), n (%)

10 (8.0)

25 (19.1)

16 (10.7)

4 (2.5)

OR (95% CI)

3.41 (1.04–11.15)*

9.26 (3.13–27.36)*

4.69 (1.53–14.36)*

Ref. group

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

3.46 (1.02–11.68)*

7.04 (2.24–22.15)*

4.12 (1.31–12.89)*

Ref. group

Preeclampsia, n (%)

7 (5.6)

15 (11.5)

7 (4.7)

2 (1.2)

OR (95% CI)

4.72 (0.96–23.11)

10.28 (2.31–45.83)*

3.89 (0.80–19.04)

Ref. group

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

5.29(1.03–27.09)*

7.78(1.62-37.47)*

2.80 (0.56–14.10)

Ref. group

Antepartum hemorrhage (APH), n (%)

11 (8.8)

21 (16.0)

11 (7.3)

6 (3.7)

OR (95% CI)

2.49 (0.90–6.94)

4.93 (1.93–12.62)*

2.04 (0.74–5.67)

Ref. group

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

2.24 (0.78–6.40)

3.46 (1.28–9.33)*

1.80 (0.63–5.14)

Ref. group

Emergency Cesarean Section, n (%)

29 (23.2)

51 (39.2)

32 (21.8)

24 (15.1)

OR (95% CI)

1.70 (0.93–3.10)

3.63 (2.08–6.35)*

1.57 (0.87–2.81)

Ref. group

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.24 (0.67–2.32)

2.64 (1.43–4.88)*

2.01 (1.09–3.73)*

Ref. group

  1. GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, SC spontaneous conception, ART assisted reproductive technology, PIH pregnancy induced hypertension
  2. OR Crude Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval
  3. OR were adjusted for maternal age, parity and pre-pregnancy BMI
  4. Ref. means reference group
  5. *P < 0.05 was considered significant