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Table 3 Logistic regression analyses comparing proportions of non-overweight and overweight women who gave formula milk in response to self-reported breastfeeding problems in the first month postpartum

From: Comparing barriers to breastfeeding success in the first month for non-overweight and overweight women

Breastfeeding Problem

Total

Non-overweight

Overweight

Unadjusted

Adjusted b

% of women reporting problem who gave formula in response (n/total) a

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

Sore or cracked nipples

10 (28/283)

11 (22/197)

7 (6/86)

.28

0.47 (0.16, 1.36)

.17

Latching or attachment

17 (42/245)

14 (23/169)

25 (19/76)

.029

1.64 (0.76, 3.54)

.21

Difficulties positioning

12 (20/172)

10 (11/115)

16 (9/57)

.23

1.66 (0.54, 5.13)

.38

Too much milk

3 (4/121)

2 (2/86)

6 (2/35)

Not enough milk

71 (81/114)

70 (47/67)

72 (34/47)

.80

0.72 (0.28, 1.83)

.49

Delay in milk coming in

51 (50/99)

48 (29/61)

55 (21/38)

.46

1.35 (0.51, 3.62)

.55

Mastitis

16 (11/71)

17 (8/48)

13 (3/23)

Baby refused breast

37 (18/49)

30 (9/30)

47 (9/19)

.22

1.67 (0.36, 7.77)

.52

Baby tongue tie

22 (8/36)

23 (5/22)

21 (3/14)

Other b

33 (14/42)

22 (6/27)

53 (8/15)

.04

12.68 (1.46, 109.93)

.021

  1. Non-overweight: BMI < 25 kg/m2; Overweight: BMI ≥25 kg/m2
  2. n.b. Analyses based on participants who reported each specified breastfeeding problem (n values given in table); breastfeeding problems are not mutually exclusive; logistic regression analysis not conducted if < 5 cases in either weight status group who reported giving formula in response to a breastfeeding problem
  3. aBased only on those participants who reported that they experienced the specified problem
  4. bAdjusted for maternal age, education, parity, birth country, family health care card and mode of delivery. N value for adjusted analyses ~ 7% lower than unadjusted analyses due to some missing data on covariates