Table 3 Neonatal outcomes stratified by the prevalence of GDM (univariate analysis)
Variable | Total | Without GDM | With GDMa | p-valued |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Birth weight (n = 4548) | ||||
 Normal weight | 3626 (79.7) | 3457 (80.0) | 169 (75.1) | p < 0.001 |
 Underweight (SGA,b < 10th percentiles) | 420 (9.23) | 409 (9.46) | 11 (4.89) | |
 Overweight (LGA,c > 90th percentiles) | 502 (11.0) | 457 (10.6) | 45 (20.0) | |
 Macrosomia, > 97th percentile (n = 4548) | 165 (3.63) | 147 (3.40) | 18 (8.00) | p < 0.001 |
Gestational age (n = 4548) | ||||
  < 32 weeks | 75 (1.65) | 73 (1.69) | 2 (0.89) | p = 0.031 |
 32–36 weeks | 326 (7.17) | 301 (6.96) | 25 (11.1) | |
 37–41 weeks | 4093 (90.0) | 3895 (90.1) | 198 (88.0) | |
  > 41 weeks | 54 (1.19) | 54 (1.25) | 0 (0.00) | |
Mode of delivery (n = 4534) | ||||
 Spontaneous | 3162 (69.7) | 3037 (70.3) | 125 (55.8) | p < 0.001 |
 Primary section | 664 (14.6) | 614 (14.3) | 50 (22.3) | |
 Secondary section | 542 (11.9) | 502 (11.7) | 40 (17.9) | |
 Operative spontaneous | 166 (3.66) | 157 (3.64) | 9 (4.02) | |
 Admission to neonatal care (n = 4536) | 909 (20.0) | 805 (18.7) | 104 (46.4) | p < 0.001 |
 Hypoglycaemia (n = 4548) | 133 (2.92) | 86 (1.99) | 47 (20.9) | p < 0.001 |
 Respiratory distress (n = 4548) | 228 (5.01) | 213 (4.93) | 15 (6.67) | p = 0.244 |
 Male sex (n = 4548) | 2381 (52.4) | 2276 (52.7) | 105 (46.7) | p = 0.077 |