The effect of breastfeeding on the risk of asthma in high-risk children: a case-control study in Shanghai, China

Table 2 Antibiotic use in pregnancy and the risks of childhood asthma stratified by feeding pattern within the first 6 months of life

Exposure categories	Case N (%)	Control N (%)	OR (95% CI)	aOR^a (95% CI)
Using antibiotics in pregnancy^b (n = 1498)
No	589 (92.9)	834 (96.5)	ref	ref
Yes	45 (7.1)	30 (3.5)	2.1 (1.3–3.4)	1.7 (1.0–2.9)
Among children exclusively breastfed within the first 6 months of life (n = 796)
No antibiotic use in pregnancy	318 (96.1)	452 (97.2)	ref	ref
Using antibiotics in pregnancy	13 (3.9)	13 (2.8)	1.4 (0.7–3.1)	0.9 (0.4–2.1)
Among children non-exclusively breastfed within the first 6 months of life (n = 702)
No antibiotic use in pregnancy	271 (89.4)	382 (95.7)	ref	ref
Using antibiotics in pregnancy	32 (10.6)	17 (4.3)	2.7 (1.4–4.9)	2.6 (1.3–5.1)

^aadjusted for maternal age at delivery (years), maternal education level (≤9, 10–12, 13–16, ≥17, unknown), child age (years), child gender (female, male), gestational age at birth (weeks), delivery modes (cesarean delivery, virginal delivery), family history of allergic disorders (no, yes, unknown)
^badjusted for exclusive breastfeeding within the first 6 months of life (no, yes) additionally
OR: odds ratios
aOR: adjusted odds ratios

ISSN: 1471-2393