Table 2 Maternal and infants baseline characteristics
Characteristics | Supplement | Supplement + probiotics | No supplement |
|---|---|---|---|
Mothers, n | 70 | 70 | 68 |
Age at randomization in years, mean (SD) | 26.3 (5.5) | 24.8 (5.3) | 24.9 (5.4) |
Ethnic origin, % of Asian | 100 | 100 | 100 |
First-time mothers, % | 45.7 | 40.0 | 52.9 |
Type of delivery, % C-section | 21.7 | 15.7 | 13.2 |
Education, % of secondary education | 73.9 | 55.7 | 73.5 |
Infants at birth, n | 62 | 60 | 61 |
Gestation age at birth in weeks, mean (SD) | 38.8 (1.5) | 38.8 (2.0) | 38.8 (1.2) |
Sex, % of males | 50 | 62.9 | 44.1 |
APGAR score at 1 min, median (min-max) | 9.0 (4.0–9.0) | 9.0 (6.0–9.0) | 9.0 (6.0–9.0) |
APGAR score at 5 min, median (min-max) | 9.0 (8.0–9.0) | 9.0 (5.0–10.0) | 9.0 (9.0–9.0) |
Length in cm, mean (SD) | 50.1 (2.7) | 49.9 (2.8) | 49.7 (2.4) |
Weight in kg, mean (SD) | 2.93 (0.47) | 2.90 (0.39) | 2.88 (0.44) |
Body mass index in kg/m2, mean (SD) | 11.6 (1.3) | 11.6 (1.3) | 11.6 (1.2) |
Head circumference in cm, mean (SD) | 32.7 (1.3) | 32.8 (1.7) | 32.5 (1.6) |