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Table 2 Simple binary logistic regression for the predictors associated with cesarean section among women aged 15–49 years

From: Factors associated with caesarean deliveries among child-bearing women in Pakistan: secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Survey, 2012–13

Socio-demographic characteristics

Delivery by caesarean (weighted percentage)

OR

95% CI

p-value1

No

Yes

Mother’s age at birth (in years)

 Less than 18

92.8

7.2

1

  

 18–20

88.1

11.9

1.658

1.307–2.103

< 0.001

 21–24

81.1

18.9

2.743

2.231–3.372

< 0.001

 More than 24

72.4

27.6

5.001

4.041–6.187

< 0.001

Children birth order

 More than 6

93.9

6.1

1

  

 1

74.5

25.5

5.059

3.953–6.475

< 0.001

 2–3

80.4

19.6

3.425

2.706–4.334

< 0.001

 4–5

89.5

10.5

1.558

1.189–2.042

< 0.001

Mother’s education

 No education

92.5

7.5

1

  

 Primary

82.9

17.1

2.661

2.150–3.294

< 0.001

 Middle

78.7

21.3

3.519

2.737–4.523

< 0.001

 Secondary

68.5

31.5

5.221

4.262–6.397

< 0.001

 Higher

59.8

40.2

7.860

6.509–9.492

< 0.001

Mother’s occupation

 Not working

81.9

18.1

1

  

 Unskilled

88.6

11.4

0.759

0.599–0.962

0.023

 Skilled

94.7

5.3

0.355

0.248–0.507

< 0.001

 Professional/Technical/Managerial

70.0

30.0

2.147

1.527–3.020

< 0.001

Wealth index

 Poorest

94.5

5.5

1

  

 Poorer

93.0

7.0

1.622

1.167–2.255

< 0.001

 Middle

88.1

11.9

2.456

1.801–3.348

< 0.001

 Richer

76.4

23.6

5.487

4.123–7.303

< 0.001

 Richest

64.7

35.3

11.421

8.681–15.03

< 0.001

Type of residence

 Rural

88.5

11.5

1

  

 Urban

74.4

25.6

2.425

2.115–2.780

< 0.001

Region

 Islamabad Capital Territory

71.9

28.1

1

  

 Punjab

80.9

19.1

0.709

0.563–0.894

< 0.001

 Sindh

82.6

17.4

0.655

0.516–0.832

< 0.001

 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

94.8

5.2

0.203

0.153–0.269

< 0.001

 Baluchistan

98.3

1.7

0.061

0.039–0.095

< 0.001

 Gilgit Baltistan

96.4

3.6

0.156

0.106–0.229

< 0.001

Pregnancy complication

 No

85.1

14.9

1

  

 Yes

74.8

25.2

1.677

1.453–1.936

< 0.001

Antenatal care utilization

 None

97.9

22.1

1

  

 1–3

89.3

10.7

6.212

4.147–9.307

< 0.001

 More than 4

69.9

30.1

25.401

17.219–37.471

< 0.001

Place of delivery

 

 Public

71.1

28.9

1

  

 Private

68.8

31.2

1.326

1.140–1.543

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: 1 reference category, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. 1By using Χ2 test
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