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Table 4 Transportation to site/healthcare facilities at delivery for women included in the full analysis set

From: Factors influencing access of pregnant women and their infants to their local healthcare system: a prospective, multi-centre, observational study

 

Panama

Dominican Republic

South Africa

Mozambique

PA_1

PA_2

PA_3

DR_1

DR_2

SA_1

SA_2

SA_3

SA_4

MO_1

N = 263

N = 63

N = 174

N = 276

N = 224

N = 500

N = 499

N = 500

N = 490

N = 251

Mode of transportationa

 Ambulance, n (%)

13 (4.9)

10 (15.9)

3 (1.7)

0 (0)

0 (0)

69 (13.8)

35 (7.0)

32 (6.4)

174 (35.5)

11 (4.4)

 Minibus/taxi, n (%)

82 (31.2)

26 (41.3)

108 (62.1)

62 (22.5)

116 (51.8)

224 (44.8)

173 (34.7)

192 (38.4)

93 (19.0)

5 (2.0)

 Private car, n (%)

108 (41.1)

24 (38.1)

46 (26.4)

64 (23.2)

26 (11.6)

189 (37.8)

224 (44.9)

171 (34.2)

182 (37.1)

44 (17.5)

 Public transportation, n (%)

60 (22.8)

4 (6.3)

19 (10.9)

130 (47.1)

72 (32.1)

1 (0.2)

44 (8.8)

75 (15.0)

5 (1.0)

41 (16.3)

 Walk, n (%)

8 (3.0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

41 (14.9)

12 (5.4)

11 (2.2)

16 (3.2)

10 (2.0)

16 (3.3)

134 (53.4)

 Other, n (%)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

24 (8.7)

5 (2.2)

0 (0)

1 (0.2)

7 (1.4)

0 (0)

4 (1.6)

Duration of travel

  < 15 min, n (%)

13 (4.9)

5 (7.9)

39 (22.4)

17 (6.2)

26 (11.6)

76 (15.2)

41 (8.2)

73 (14.6)

46 (9.4)

7 (2.8)

 15–29 min, n (%)

85 (32.3)

23 (36.5)

54 (31.0)

59 (21.4)

83 (37.1)

209 (41.8)

219 (43.9)

295 (59.0)

199 (40.6)

20 (8.0)

 30–44 min, n (%)

61 (23.2)

11 (17.5)

39 (22.4)

71 (25.7)

76 (33.9)

133 (26.6)

170 (34.1)

80 (16.0)

163 (33.3)

85 (33.9)

 45–59 min, n (%)

23 (8.7)

7 (11.1)

16 (9.2)

49 (17.8)

19 (8.5)

65 (13.0)

35 (7.0)

27 (5.4)

38 (7.8)

85 (33.9)

 60–89 min, n (%)

61 (23.2)

14 (22.2)

16 (9.2)

56 (20.3)

14 (6.3)

8 (1.6)

20 (4.0)

8 (1.6)

17 (3.5)

30 (12.0)

 90–120 min, n (%)

11 (4.2)

1 (1.6)

6 (3.4)

17 (6.2)

4 (1.8)

3 (0.6)

7 (1.4)

3 (0.6)

2 (0.4)

9 (3.6)

  > 120 min, n (%)

4 (1.5)

0 (0)

3 (1.7)

1 (0.4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (0.2)

2 (0.4)

3 (1.2)

Cost ($)

 mean ± SD

5.4 ± 6.5

5.9 ± 6.0

5.2 ± 4.5

3.6 ± 3.8

4.8 ± 3.1

5.1 ± 6.7

3.8 ± 6.6

5.0 ± 6.8

4.9 ± 7.0

0.3 ± 1.0

  1. N number of women per group, n (%) number (percentage) of women in each category, SD standard deviation
  2. aThe women participating in the study were allowed to indicate more than 1 way of transportation, the most frequent combination was “public transportation & walk”