Table 4 Results related to medical and technical aspects of care, cross-tabulated by gestational age
From: Care quality following intrauterine death in Spanish hospitals: results from an online survey
Gestational age (weeks) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 796) | 16–19 (n = 128) | 20–25 (n = 193) | 26–33 (n = 151) | ≥ 3 4 (n = 324) | ||||
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | χ2, p* | Cramér’s V | ||
Mode of delivery | ||||||||
Vaginal (total) | 667 (83.4) | 120 (93.8) | 183 (94.8) | 122 (80.8) | 242 (74.7) | 47.38, | p < 0.001 | .244 |
Vaginal - induced | 578 (72.6) | 99 (77.3) | 152 (78.8) | 115 (76.2) | 212 (65.4) | 14.46, | p = 0.002 | .135 |
Vaginal - instrumentalised | 113 (14.2) | 26 (20.5) | 26 (13.5) | 9 (6.0) | 52 (16.1) | 13.53, | p = 0.004 | .131 |
Vaginal - natural | 76 (9.5) | 16 (12.5) | 28 (14.5) | 7 (4.6) | 25 (7.7) | 12.26, | p = 0.007 | .124 |
Caesarean section (total) | 118 (14.8) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (4.7) | 29 (19.2) | 80 (24.7) | 65.34, | p < 0.001 | .286 |
Planned caesarean | 22 (2.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.6) | 4 (2.6) | 15 (4.6) | ** | ||
Emergency caesarean | 80 (10.1) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (3.1) | 22 (14.6) | 52 (16.0) | ** | ||
Due to failed induction | 16 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.0) | 13 (4.0) | ** | ||
Other | 9 (1.1) | 7 (5.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | ** | ||
Not stated | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | ** | ||
Accompaniment during the birth | ||||||||
Accompanied during the birth (total)[1] | 561 (70.7) | 84 (66.1) | 128 (66.3) | 107 (70.9) | 242 (74.9) | 5.83, | p = 0.120 | – |
Vaginal births | 534 (80.2) | 82 (68.3) | 126 (68.9) | 103 (84.4) | 223 (92.5) | 49.89, | p < 0.001 | .274 |
Caesarean births | 25 (21.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (22.2) | 4 (23.4) | 19 (23.8) | ** | ||
Partner not allowed to accompany (total)[2] | 138 (17.3) | 26 (20.3) | 38 (19.7) | 25 (16.6) | 49 (15.1) | 2.70, | p = 0.439 | – |
Vaginal births | 80 (12.0) | 24 (20.0) | 35 (19.1) | 11 (9.0) | 10 (4.1) | 31.30, | p < 0.001 | .217 |
Caesarean births | 54 (45.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (33.3) | 14 (48.3) | 37 (46.2) | ** | ||
Explanation/ offer of pathology studies*** | ||||||||
“No one” spoke about pathology | 171 (21.5) | 50 (39.1) | 62 (32.1) | 21 (13.9) | 38 (11.7) | 59.82, | p < 0.001 | .274 |
Doctor spoke about pathology | 524 (65.8) | 72 (56.2) | 117 (60.6) | 107 (70.9) | 228 (70.4) | 12.22, | p = 0.007 | .124 |
Nurse/ midwife spoke about pathology | 120 (15.1) | 6 (4.7) | 16 (8.3) | 28 (18.5) | 70 (21.6) | 29.94, | p < 0.001 | .194 |
Other HP spoke about pathology | 19 (2.4) | 1 (0.8) | 6 (3.1) | 3 (2.0) | 9 (2.8) | ** | ||
Not stated | 9 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.3) | 7 (2.2) | ** | ||
Pathology studies conducted | ||||||||
At least one pathology study/test conducted | 667 (85.5) | 89 (71.8) | 155 (83.3) | 134 (91.2) | 289 (89.5) | 27.48, | p < 0.001 | .188 |
General autopsy | 479 (61.4) | 50 (40.3) | 103 (55.4) | 109 (74.1) | 217 (67.2) | 40.74, | p < 0.001 | .229 |
Stillbirths | 396 (66.8) | 31 (41.3) | 57 (66.3) | 101 (79.5) | 207 (67.9) | 31.37, | p < 0.001 | .230 |
Termination of pregnancy | 104 (55.6) | 30 (61.2) | 54 (54.0) | 12 (60.0) | 8 (44.4) | 1.80, | p = 0.620 | – |
Placental autopsy | 299 (37.6) | 27 (21.1) | 66 (34.2) | 72 (47.7) | 134 (41.4) | 24.31, | p < 0.001 | .175 |
Not stated | 16 (2.0) | 4 (3.1) | 7 (3.6) | 4 (2.6) | 1 (0.3) | 8.44, | p = 0.038 | .103 |