Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Table 1 Socio-economic, demographic and nutritional characteristics between fish oil (EPA and DHA) and control groups at the cohort baseline study (T0) (Intention-to-treat analysis)

Variable	Fish oil Supplement (n = 32)	Control (n = 28)	p–value
Age (years) ^a	25.5 (22.0–34.5)	27.0 (21.0–31.0)	0.795
Gestational age (weeks) ^b	9.7 (2.3)	9.1 (2.5)	0.336
Education (years) ^a	11.0 (7.0–11)	8.0 (7.5–10.5)	0.070
Family income (US $) ^a	263.2 (181.9–383.0)	304.1 (180.7–379.8)	0.811
Skin color ^c
White	13.0 (40.6)	5.0 (17.9)
Non–white	19.0 (59.4)	23.0 (82.1)	0.055
Parity (number of parturition) ^c
0–1	26.0 (81.2)	18.0 (64.3)
≥ 2	6.0 (18.8)	10.0 (35.7)	0.138
Early pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²) ^a	23.9 (22.6–27.5)	23.1 (21.8–27.5)	0.213
Total dietary PUFAs (g/day) ^a	11.3 (8.0–14.9)	12.1 (9.4–17.0)	0.334
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (Score) ^a	10.0 (9.0–13.0)	10.5 (9.5–13.5)	0.621
History of depression ^c
No	16.0 (50.0)	11.0 (39.3)
Yes	16.0 (50.0)	17.0 (60.7)	0.405

ISSN: 1471-2393