Table 1 Descriptive Analysis of the characteristics of pregnant women with low birth weight infants compared to those with normal birth weight infants
Pregnant women characteristics | Sample size (n) | Birth weight | |
|---|---|---|---|
<2.5 kg (n = 51) | > = 2.5 kg (n = 192) | ||
Age of pregnant women Mean(SD); years | 243 | 23.0 (3.8) | 24.4 (4.5) |
Pregnant women’s education; n (%) | |||
No formal schooling | 237 | 35 (68.6) | 126 (65.6) |
Below 10th grade | 8 (15.7) | 38 (19.8) | |
10th grade and above | 6 (11.8) | 24 (12.5) | |
Weight at first visit of pregnant women mean(SD); kg | 243 | 49.0 (9.0) | 53.6 (11.7) |
Height of pregnant women mean(SD); cm | 243 | 153.1 (4.5) | 152.6 (11.5) |
Gravidity, Median (IQR) | 240 | 3 (2) | 3 (3) |
Household characteristics | |||
No of people living in household, Mean(SD) | 243 | 8.9 (5.5) | 8.7 (5.5) |
No of rooms in the household Mean(SD) | 242 | 2.5 (1.5) | 2.4 (1.4) |
Total score of household assets, Mean(SD) | 243 | 154.3 (141.9) | 201.1 (179.0) |
Main source of drinking water; n (%) | 242 | ||
Piped into the house | 16 (31.4) | 71 (36.9) | |
Bought from tankers | 16 (31.4) | 63 (32.8) | |
Bought from drums | 19 (37.2) | 57 (29.7) | |
Use of flush toilet facility; n (%) | 237 | 0 (0) | 2 (1.0) |
Use of boiled water; n (%) | 243 | 10 (19.6) | 40 (20.8) |
Antenatal characteristics | |||
Age at first pregnancy (years) Mean(SD) | 243 | 18.8 (2.2) | 18.9 (3.6) |
Child gestational age in weeks Mean(SD) | 241 | 36.6 (1.2) | 36.7 (3.9) |
Number of antenatal visits during current pregnancy; n (%) | 238 | ||
0 | 36 (70.6) | 140 (72.9) | |
1 | 5 (9.8) | 9 (4.7) | |
2 | 4 (7.8) | 23 (11.9) | |
3 and above | 5 (9.8) | 16 (8.3) | |
Clinical characteristics | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
Fever~ | 243 | 7.2 (7.4) | 6.8 (7.9) |
Cough ~ | 243 | 10.2 (9.4) | 8.5 (7.3) |
Difficulty breathing ~ | 243 | 10.6 (10.9) | 8.2 (7.7) |
Runny nose ~ | 243 | 10.7 (8.5) | 10.9 (7.3) |
Sore throat ~ | 243 | 10.0 (9.1) | 9.1 (8.1) |
Headache ~ | 243 | 18.7 (13.3) | 20.4 (13.1) |
Chills ~ | 243 | 6.6 (6.1) | 5.3 (6.2) |
Myalgias/Lethargy | 243 | 19.0 (9.8) | 18.0 (9.0) |
Diarrhea ~ | 243 | 3.3 (4.3) | 4.6 (6.8) |
Vomiting ~ | 243 | 6.2 (9.0) | 6.2 (8.9) |
Total number of Respiratory symptom episodes* ~ | 243 | 102.9 (49.7) | 96.1 (41.3) |
Infant characteristics | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
Weight of the infant(kg) | 243 | 2.1 (0.2) | 3.0 (0.4) |
Height of the infant (cm) | 243 | 45.6 (2.5) | 49.5 (3.2) |
MUAC** of infant (cm) | 241 | 8.4 (0.9) | 9.8 (0.8) |
OFC*** of infant(cm) | 242 | 31.7 (1.3) | 34.2 (1.4) |