Table 3 Causes of perinatal mortality according to the type of perinatal death and phase of delay identified during audit meetings at two hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda July 2012– May 2013
Causes of deaths | Perinatal deaths | Cases with phase-one delaya | Cases with phase-two delayb | Cases with phase-three delayc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | ||||
Total | 250 | 100 | 98 | 24 | 93 |
Causes of macerated stillbirths | |||||
Hypertensive disordersd | 11 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 8 |
Malformations | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
Placenta abruption | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
External trauma | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Unknown | 76 | 75 | 62 | 3 | 7 |
Total | 101 | 100 | 73 | 7 | 18 |
Causes of fresh stillbirths | |||||
Hypertensive disorders d | 11 | 18 | 5 | 2 | 9 |
Umbilical cord prolapse/loop around neck | 10 | 17 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
Placenta abruption | 7 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Prolonged labour/obstructed labour | 6 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Uterine rupture | 4 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
Malformations | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes | 3 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Unknown | 16 | 26 | 3 | 1 | 10 |
Total | 60 | 100 | 13 | 8 | 33 |
Causes of early neonatal deaths | |||||
Intrapartum-related neonatal deaths | 34 | 38 | 4 | 2 | 26 |
Prematurity/Low birth weight | 30 | 34 | 5 | 5 | 12 |
Infections | 11 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Malformations | 8 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Neonatal jaundice | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Unknown | 5 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Total | 89 | 100 | 12 | 9 | 42 |