Table 1 Summary of factor analysis of WDEQ

Johnson & Slade [10]

English

EFA

4

30

Fear, Isolation, Lack of positive anticipation, Riskiness

Fenwick et al. [14]

English

EFA

4

33

Fear, Isolation, Lack of positive anticipation, Riskiness

Garthus-Niegel et al. [16]

CFA

6

25

Fear, Negative appraisal, Loneliness, Lack of self efficacy, Lack of positive anticipation, Concerns for the child

Takegata et al., [16]

Japanese

EFA

4

33

Fear, Lack of positive anticipation, Isolation, Riskiness

Fenaroli et al., [9]

Italian

EFA

4

16

Fear, Negative feelings, Lack of confidence, Negative thoughts

Fenaroli et al., [9]

Italian

CFA

3

14

Fear, Negative feelings, Lack of confidence

Lukasse et al. [12]

Norwegian

Swedish

Danish

Estonian

Flemish

Icelandic

Russian

EFA

6

33

Fear, Negative appraisal, Loneliness, Lack of self efficacy, Lack of positive anticipation, Concerns for the child