| |
FGM status
|
FGM status
| |
|---|
| |
Type III
|
Type I/II
|
No
|
Type III
|
Type I/II
|
No
| |
|---|
| |
n
|
n
|
n
|
Rate per 100 births (95 % CI)
|
Rate per 100 births (95 % CI)
|
Rate per 100 births (95 % CI)
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Outcome
|
|
Caesarean sectiona
|
|
Yes
|
16
|
36
|
1706
|
26.5 (16.6, 42.4)
|
32.9 (24.5, 44.0)
|
20.4 (19.5, 21.4)
|
0.0041
|
|
No
|
49
|
95
|
7145
| | | | |
|
Instrumental birthsa
|
|
Yes
|
1
|
8
|
574
|
1.6 (0.2, 11.2)
|
6.2 (2.9, 13.1)
|
6.5 (6.0, 7.1)
|
0.36
|
|
No
|
64
|
123
|
8277
| | | | |
|
Episiotomy (excluding anterior episiotomy)
|
|
Yes
|
7
|
17
|
946
|
10.5 (5.0, 21.8)
|
12.7 (7.5, 21.5)
|
10.9 (10.2, 11.5)
|
0.84
|
|
No
|
58
|
114
|
7906
| | | | |
|
3rd and 4th degree perineal tearb
|
|
Yes
|
0
|
0
|
85
|
0.0
|
0.0
|
1.0
|
b
|
|
No
|
65
|
131
|
8767
| | | | |
|
Genital tract trauma
|
|
Yes
|
4
|
2
|
99
|
6.0 (2.4, 14.8)
|
1.4 (0.4, 5.6)
|
1.1 (0.9, 1.4)
|
0.0015
|
|
No
|
61
|
129
|
8753
| | | | |
|
Postpartum blood loss > 500 ml
|
|
Yes
|
1
|
7
|
615
|
1.6 (0.2, 11.6)
|
5.6 (2.7, 11.4)
|
7.0 (6.5, 7.6)
|
0.29
|
|
No
|
64
|
124
|
8237
| | | | |
|
Low birth weight (<2500 g)a
|
|
Yes
|
2
|
4
|
259
|
3.5 (0.9, 13.8)
|
3.1 (1.2, 8.1)
|
3.0 (2.6, 3.4)
|
0.97
|
|
No
|
63
|
127
|
8590
| | | | |
|
Admission to special care nursery
|
|
Yes
|
6
|
16
|
616
|
9.0 (3.9, 20.7)
|
12.0 (7.5, 19.2)
|
7.0 (6.5, 7.6)
|
0.07
|
|
No
|
59
|
115
|
8236
| | | | |
|
Stillbirthc
|
|
Yes
|
1
|
1
|
39
|
1.5 (0.2, 10.9)
|
0.8 (0.1, 5.3)
|
0.4 (0.3, 0.6)
|
0.41
|
|
No
|
64
|
130
|
8812
| | | | |
-
aOne woman’s record had missing mode of birth and three records had missing birth weight
-
bStatistical model could not be fitted due to small numbers
-
cOne woman’s record had missing stillbirth indicator
