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Table 4 Maternal mortality rates by cause using old classification, per 100,000 maternities, 2009 to 2013

From: Examining the impact of introducing ICD-MM on observed trends in maternal mortality rates in the UK 2003–13

Cause of death

2009–11

2010–12

2011–13

n

Rate

95 % CI

n

Rate

95 % CI

n

Rate

95 % CI

All Direct and Indirect deaths

253

10.63

9.36–12.03

243

10.12

8.89–11.47

214

9.02

7.85–10.31

Direct deaths

 Sepsisa

15

0.63

0.35–1.04

12

0.50

0.26–0.87

7

0.29

0.12–0.61

 Pre–eclampsia and eclampsia

10

0.42

0.20–0.77

9

0.38

0.18–0.71

6

0.25

0.09–0.55

 Thrombosis and thromboembolism

30

1.26

0.85–1.80

26

1.08

0.71–1.59

24

1.01

0.65–1.5

 Amniotic fluid embolism

7

0.29

0.12–0.61

8

0.33

0.14–0.66

10

0.42

0.20–0.78

 Early pregnancy deaths

4

0.17

0.05–0.43

8

0.33

0.14–0.66

6

0.25

0.09–0.55

 Haemorrhage

14

0.59

0.32–0.99

11

0.46

0.23–0.82

13

0.55

0.29–0.94

 Anaesthesia

3

0.12

0.03–0.37

4

0.17

0.05–0.43

3

0.13

0.03–0.37

 All Direct

83

3.49

2.78–4.32

78

3.25

2.57–4.05

69

2.91

2.26–3.68

Indirect

 Cardiac disease

51

2.14

1.60–2.82

54

2.25

1.69–2.93

49

2.06

1.53–2.73

 Indirect Sepsis - Influenza

27

1.13

0.75–1.65

13

0.54

0.29–0.93

9

0.38

0.17–0.72

 Indirect Sepsis – Pneumonia/ others

16

0.67

0.38–1.09

22

0.92

0.57–1.39

21

0.89

0.55–1.35

 Other Indirect causes

29

1.22

0.82–1.75

26

1.08

0.71–1.59

22

0.93

0.58–1.40

 Indirect neurological conditions

30

1.26

0.85–1.80

31

1.29

0.88–1.83

24

1.01

0.65–1.5

 Psychiatric causes

13

0.55

0.29–0.93

16

0.67

0.38–1.08

19

0.80

0.48–1.25

 Indirect malignancies

4

0.17

0.05–0.45

3

0.13

0.03–0.37

1

0.04

0.001–0.24

 All Indirect

170

7.15

6.11–8.30

165

6.87

5.86–8.00

145

6.11

5.16–7.19

Coincidental

23

0.98

0.61–1.45

26

1.08

0.71–1.59

26

1.10

0.72–1.61

  1. Source: MBRRACE-UK, Office for National Statistics, General Register Office for Scotland, Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency
  2. aGenital tract sepsis deaths only, including early pregnancy deaths as the result of genital tract sepsis. Other deaths from infectious causes are classified under indirect causes