Table 1 Demographic and socio-economic characteristics of study population

Child-related factors

Child's sex

0.653

 Boy

1223

51.0

185

52.4

 Girl

1173

49.0

168

47.6

Size at birth^b

0.435

 Small size

353

14.8

58

16.4

 Normal or larger size

2028

85.2

294

83.6

Birth order number

<0.001

 One

345

14.4

99

28.0

 Two

414

17.3

80

22.7

 Three

349

14.6

58

16.4

 Four and more

1287

53.8

116

32.9

Mother-related factors

Mother's age at delivery

<0.001

 <20 years

97

4.1

31

8.9

 20–29 years

1155

48.2

186

52.8

 30–39 years

853

35.6

112

31.8

 40–49 years

290

12.1

23

6.5

Marital status, and decision about woman’s health care^b

0.010

 Never married, divorced, separated, widowed

434

18.1

57

16.1

 Married or partnered, woman not involved in decisions

529

22.1

103

29.3

 Married or partnered, woman involved in decisions

1427

59.7

192

59.1

Mother's education

<0.001

 No education

581

24.2

51

14.5

 Primary

1655

69.1

255

72.3

 Secondary/higher

160

6.7

47

13.3

Mother's employment^b

0.200

 Not working

208

8.7

38

10.8

 Working

2184

91.3

315

89.2

Wanted last child*

0.010

 Wanted child

1283

53.6

209

59.3

 Wanted child but later

664

27.7

100

28.3

 Wanted no more children

447

18.7

44

12.5

Antenatal visits during pregnancy^b

<0.001

 Less than four

1698

71.1

206

58.8

 Four and more

691

28.9

145

41.2

Received tetanus injections before birth*

<0.001

 No

712

29.9

64

18.1

 Yes

1668

70.1

288

81.9

Assisted delivery^b

<0.001

 No

1628

68.1

141

40.1

 Yes

763

31.9

210

59.9

Delivery by caesarean section

<0.001

 No

2113

88.2

286

80.9

 Yes

282

11.8

67

19.1

Place of delivery

<0.001

 Not at health facility

1543

64.4

120

33.9

 At health facility

852

35.6

233

66.1

Mother insured^b

0.002

 No

810

33.8

88

24.8

 Yes

1583

66.2

265

75.2

Getting medical help for self: distance to health facility^b

0.640

 Big problem

761

31.8

108

30.6

 Not a big problem

1632

68.2

245

69.4

Getting medical help for self: getting money needed for treatment^b

0.046

 Big problem

1459

61.0

196

55.5

 Not a big problem

934

39.0

157

44.5

Household-related factors

Place of residence

0.004

 Urban

265

11.1

58

16.5

 Rural

2130

88.9

295

83.5

Wealth index

<0.001

 Poorest

650

27.1

72

20.5

 Poorer

563

23.5

82

23.3

 Middle

489

20.4

59

16.7

 Richer

397

16.6

60

17

 Richest

297

12.4

80

22.6

Region

<0.001

 Kigali city

203

8.5

50

14.2

 South

616

25.7

129

36.5

 West

568

23.7

39

11.1

 North

397

16.6

83

23.5

 East

611

25.5

52

14.7