Maternal cortisol and stress are associated with birth outcomes, but are not affected by lipid-based nutrient supplements during pregnancy: an analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial in rural Malawi

Table 2 Characteristics^a of pregnant women in the ILiNS-DYAD trial in rural Malawi who were included in this analysis

Characteristic	IFA	MMN	LNS	p-value^b
Number of participants	413	415	418	n/a
Age, years	25 (6)	25 (6)	25 (6)	0.957
Education, completed years	3.9 (3.4)	4.0 (3.4)	4.1 (3.6)	0.647
Proportion of primiparous women	18.9 %	19.6 %	20.5 %	0.863
Gestational age at enrolment, wk	16.8 (2.1)	16.7 (2.1)	16.9 (2.2)	0.765
Weight, kg	53.8 (7.4)	54.0 (8.2)	54.0 (8.0)	0.962
Body-mass index, BMI (kg/m²)	22.1 (2.6)	22.2 (2.9)	22.1 (2.9)	0.908
Proportion of women with a low BMI (<18.5 kg/m²)	5.3 %	4.4 %	6.3 %	0.530
Proportion of anemic women (Hb < 110 g/l)	17.1 %	18.7 %	19.1 %	0.775
Proportion of women with a positive HIV test	14.8 %	9.9 %	13.1 %	0.145
Proportion with a positive malaria test (RDT)	21.2 %	22.7 %	23.7 %	0.739

^aMean (SD) except where noted
^bp-value obtained from ANOVA (comparison of means) or Fisher’s exact test (comparison of proportions)

ISSN: 1471-2393