Table 1 Characteristics of the study group (obese women with GDM)
From: Impact of gestational weight gain on obstetric and neonatal outcomes in obese diabetic women
Total study group (n = 1806) | GWG below IOM limits (<5 kg) (n = 502) | GWG within IOM limits (5–9 kg) (n = 634) | GWG above IOM limits (>9 kg) (n = 670) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 33.1 ± 5.0 | 33.4 ± 4.8 | 33.5 ± 4.9 | 32.5 ± 5.2** | |
Parity | = 0 | 38.4 % (n = 694) | 38.1 % (n = 191) | 37.5 % (n = 238) | 39,6 % (n = 265) |
≥ 1 | 61.6 % (n = 1112) | 61.9 %(n = 311) | 62.5 % (n = 296) | 60,4 % (n = 405) | |
Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 34.7 ± 4.2 | 35.5 ± 4.5** | 34.7 ± 4.1 | 34.1 ± 3.9 | |
GWG (total) (kg) | 8.1 ± 6.3 | 1.2 ± 3.2** | 6.9 ± 1.3 | 14.3 ± 4.7** | |
Insulin therapy | 47.2 % (n = 853) | 50.2 % (n = 252) | 45.9 % (n = 291) | 46.3 % (n = 310) | |
Delivery (weeks) | 38.4 ± 1.6 | 38.3 ± 1.8 | 38.3 ± 1.6 | 38.4 ± 1.4 | |
Preterm labour | 6.8 % (n = 123) | 7.0 % (n = 35) | 7.7 % (n = 49) | 5.8 % (n = 39) | |
Delivery | |||||
Normal delivery | 40.5 % (n = 715) | 47.8 % (n = 231)* | 39.7 % (n = 247) | 36.0 % (n = 237) | |
Instrumental delivery | 11.4 % (n = 201) | 11.6 % (n = 56) | 11.4 % (n = 71) | 11.2 % (n = 74) | |
Cesarean section | 48.1 % (n = 849) | 40.6 % (n = 196)* | 48.9 % (n = n = 305) | 52.8 % (n = 348) | |
Neonatal birthweight (g) | 3312 ± 560 | 3169 ± 537** | 3284 ± 560 | 3442 ± 548** | |
LGA (>p90) | 15.8 % (n = 274) | 9.1 % (n = 43) | 14.2 % (n = 87) | 22.3 % (n = 144)** | |
Macrosomic | 9.0 % (n = 157) | 4.6 % (n = 22) | 8.2 % (n = 51) | 12.8 % (n = 84)* | |
SGA (<p10) | 4.9 % (n = 85) | 7.8 % (n = 37)* | 4.6 % (n = 28) | 3.1 % (n = 20) | |
Neonatal morbidities | 19.4 % (n = 295) | 18.4 % (n = 73) | 18.4 % (n = 98) | 21.1 % (n = 124) | |
Admission to the intensive unit care | 3.1 % (n = 48) | 3.9 % (n = 16) | 2.9 % (n = 16) | 2.7 % (n = 16) | |