Table 3 Selected demographics, maternal obstetric history and maternal and neonatal outcomes among Australian-born and non-Australian-born women, N = 3092

Maternal age*

28.0 (5.88)

30.0 (4.99)

<0.0001

Teenage pregnancy

7.8 %

1.5 %

<0.0001

Pregnancy ≥35 years

14.7 %

19.0 %

0.002

Nulliparous

28.6 %

27.5 %

0.52

Smoking

19.7 %

3.0 %

<0.0001

BMI ≥ 30

32.0 %

21.4 %

<0.0001

Gestational Diabetes

6.8 %

13.7 %

<0.0001

Instrumental delivery

9.6 %

12.0 %

0.04

Caesarean section

27.0 %

30.0 %

0.06

Epidural use

26.2 %

20.2 %

<0.0001

Episiotomy

18.0 %

15.5 %

0.06