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Table 3 Infant gender, reactions of family members to infant and family relationships

From: Postnatal depressive symptoms amongst women in Central Vietnam: a cross-sectional study investigating prevalence and associations with social, cultural and infant factors

Variable

N (%)

Mean EPDS score (with 95 % CI for ANOVA)

Mean Difference (95 % CI) For t-tests

Test statistica

Gender of last infant

 Male

233 (54)

7.64

−0.54 (−1.52 – 0.44)

1.089

 Female

198 (46)

8.19

  

Maternal Preference for Infant Genderc

 Gender preferred

256 (59.7)

7.63 (6.9 – 8.2)

5.29

2.144b

 Gender not preferred

71 (16.6)

9.04 (7.7 – 10.3)

5.59

 

 No preference

101 (23.6)

7.73 (6.9 – 8.3)

4.46

 

Frightened of Husband

 Yes

41 (9.7)

11.15 (9.4 – 12.8)

 

24.65**b

 Sometimes

109 (25.5)

9.36 (8.5 – 10.1)

  

 No

271 (64.3)

6.58 (6.0 – 7.1)

  

Frightened of Family

 Yes

45 (10.4)

10.73 (8.9 – 12.5)

 

19.07**b

 Sometimes

82 (19.1)

9.82 (8.9 – 10.7)

  

 No

302 (70.3)

6.95 (6.4 – 7.5)

  

Intimate Partner Violence

 Yes

27 (5.4)

13.33

5.91 (4.02 – 7.80)

6.15**

 No

396 (93.6)

7.41

  

Own Mother’s Reaction to the Infant

 Negative

23

10.26

2.56 (0.04 – 4.7)

2.32*

 Positive

394

7.70

  

Mother in Law’s Reaction to the Infant

 Negative

31

10.03

2.46 (0.62 – 4.29)

2.62**

 Positive

382

7.57

  

Husband’s Reaction to the Infant

 Negative

23

9.78

2.12 (0.018 – 4.24)

1.98*

 Positive

400

7.65

  
  1. aT-test or One-Way ANOVA
  2. *p = 0.05-0.001
  3. **p <0.001
  4. bOne-Way ANOVA, degrees of freedom = 2
  5. cThis explores whether the infant gender the mother preferred in pregnancy was the same as infant gender at birth