Table 1 Crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for fear of childbirth (W-DEQ score ≥85) among 1789 pregnant Norwegian women
From: Fear of childbirth and elective caesarean section: a population-based study
Fear of childbirth (W-DEQ) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low score (<85) | High score (≥85) | Total | P | Crude OR | Adjusted OR | |
n (%) | n (%) | (95 % CI) | (95 % CI) | |||
Social support | ||||||
Strong | 703 (97.0) | 22 (3.0) | 725 (100) | <0.001 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Moderate | 810 (90.5) | 85 (9.5) | 895 (100) | 3.4 (2.1–5.4)*** | 3.1 (1.9–5.0)*** | |
Poor | 142 (84.0) | 27 (16.0) | 169 (100) | 6.1 (3.4–11.0)*** | 3.8 (1.9–7.6)*** | |
Educational level (years) | ||||||
≤ 12 | 1137 (92.1) | 98 (7.9) | 1235 (100) | 0.286 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
> 12 | 518 (93.5) | 36 (6.5) | 554 (100) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 2.1 (1.3–3.3)*** | |
Sexual abuse | ||||||
No | 1390 (93.3) | 100 (6.7) | 1490 (100) | 0.018 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Coerced | 188 (89.1) | 23 (10.9) | 211 (100) | 1.7 (1.1–2.7)* | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | |
Forced | 77 (87.5) | 11 (12.5) | 88 (100) | 2.0 (1.0–3.9)* | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | |
Mental health | ||||||
No mental impairment | 1498 (94.5) | 87 (5.5) | 1585 (100) | <0.001 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Anxiety or depression | 108 (82.4) | 23 (17.6) | 131 (100) | 3.7 (2.2–6.0) *** | 3.0 (1.7–5.1)*** | |
Both anxiety and depression | 49 (67.1) | 24 (32.9) | 73 (100) | 8.4 (4.9–14.4)*** | 6.1 (3.3–11.2)*** | |
Medical risk factors | ||||||
None | 1319 (92.8) | 103 (7.2) | 1422 (100) | 0.715 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
One | 287 (91.7) | 26 (8.3) | 313 (100) | 1.2 (0.7–1.8) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | |
Two or more | 49 (90.7) | 5 (9.3) | 54 (100) | 1.3 (0.5–3.4) | 1.2 (0.4–3.6) | |
Previous overall birth experience | ||||||
Good | 808 (95.6) | 37 (4.4) | 845 (100) | <0.001 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Bad | 52 (72.2) | 20 (27.8) | 72 (100) | 8.4 (4.6–15.5)*** | 7.6 (3.8–15.2)*** | |
No previous delivery experience | 795 (91.2) | 77 (8.8) | 872 (100) | 2.1 (1.4–3.2)*** | 2.3 (1.5–3.5)*** | |