Table 4 Associations of predisposing, enabling, need and health behaviour characteristics with use of CAM (N = 1500): odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI)
Crude OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI)a | |
|---|---|---|
Predisposing variables | ||
Age (years) | ||
≤20 | 0.78 (0.10–6.06) | |
≥36 | 1.15 (0.71–1.88) | |
21–35 | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Ethnicity | ||
Non-western | 1.01 (0.42–2.40) | |
Western non-Dutch | 1.43 (0.79–2.61) | |
Native Dutch | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Marital status | ||
Living alone | 1.28 (0.44–3.72) | |
Married or living together | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Occupation | ||
Unemployed | 1.14 (0.70–1.86) | |
Disabled | 1.46 (0.32–6.60) | |
Employed | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Educational level | ||
Middle | 1.25 (0.63–2.50) | |
High | 1.62 (0.84–3.12) | |
Low | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Intended place of delivery | ||
Hospital/birth centre midwifery-led | 1.19 (0.83–1.71) | |
Hospital consultant-led | 1.99 (0.56–7.10) | |
Home | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Religion | ||
No | 1.11 (0.77–1.60) | |
Yes | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Enabling variables | ||
Basic and supplementary health care insurance | ||
Basic and supplementary | 2.92 (1.34–6.36) | 3.11 (1.41–6.85) |
Basic | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
Net household income | ||
> €2000 | 1.65 (0.86–3.14) | |
< €2000 | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Accessibility of care (phone) | ||
Problems | 1.05 (0.66–1.66) | |
No problems | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Accessibility of care (getting to and from the practice) | ||
Problems | 1.04 (0.44–2.48) | |
No problems | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Need variables | ||
General self-rated health | ||
Excellent/Very good | 1.07 (0.72–1.60) | 1.29 (0.91–1.82) |
Bad/Fair | 2.81 (1.78–4.43) | 2.63 (1.65–4.21) |
Good | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
Quality of life (EuroQol) | ||
Poor health status | 1.84 (1.26–2.70) | |
Good health status | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Chronic illnesses or handicaps | ||
Yes | 2.36 (1.44–3.87) | 1.93 (1.14-3.27) |
No | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
PRAQ*-Child | ||
Fear | 1.08 (0.75–1.56) | |
No fear | 1.00 (ref.) | |
PRAQ*-Delivery | ||
Fear | 1.78 (0.51–6.24) | |
No fear | 1.00 (ref.) | |
PRAQ*-Body | ||
Fear | 1.26 (0.86–1.84) | |
No fear | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Planned and wantedness of pregnancy** | ||
Wanted, not planned | 1.18 (0.74–1.89) | |
Planned and wanted | 1.00 (ref.) | |
BMI | ||
≤18.5 | 1.67 (0.68–4.09) | |
25–< 30 | 1.02 (0.64–1.61) | |
≥30 | 0.73 (0.29–1.85) | |
18.5–< 25 | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Parity | ||
Primi/multiparous | 1.11 (0.78–1.58) | |
Nulliparous | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Difference between number of pregnancies and number of births | ||
≥2 | 1.15 (0.77–1.71) | |
1 | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Health behaviour variables | ||
Locus of control | ||
No | 0.77 (0.42–1.40) | |
Yes | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Folic acid use | ||
No | 0.91 (0.44–1.89) | |
Yes, inadequately | 1.20 (0.83–1.72) | |
Yes, adequately | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Smoking | ||
Yes | 1.88 (1.08–3.27) | 1.88 (1.06–3.33) |
No | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
Passive smoking | ||
Yes | 1.22 (0.62–2.42) | |
No | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Alcohol use | ||
Yes | 2.28 (1.46–3.56) | 2.30 (1.46-3.63) |
No | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref) |
Health care utilization in Midwifery Practice | ||
Inadequate | 1.16 (0.76–1.76) | |
Adequate plus | 0.66 (0.28–1.55) | |
Adequate | 1.00 (ref.) | |