Factors associated with ultrasound-aided detection of suboptimal fetal growth in a malaria-endemic area in Papua New Guinea

Table 2 Ultrasound detection of SGA and low fetal weight gain, and association with measures at birth

Indicator	SGA^a	Not SGA^a	P	Low fetal weight gain^b	Normal fetal weight gain^b	P
LBW	26.5 [18/68]	14.3 [63/441]	0.011	25.5 [12/47]	14.1 [31/206]	0.054
SGA at birth	72.1 [49/68]	44.4 [196/441]	<0.001	61.7 [29/47]	46.1 [95/206]	0.054
PTB	8.1 [6/74]	4.7 [22/470]	0.215	11.3 [6/53]	2.8 [6/217]	0.007
Gestational age (wks)	39.4 (35.1-43.1)	39.4 (25.6-43.7)	0.196	39.1 (35.1, 42.1)	39.4 (34.4, 43.4)	0.083
Birthweight (g)	2718 (2612, 2823)	2961 (2916, 3007)	<0.001	2737 (2595, 2880)	2969 (2907, 3031)	0.002
Head circumference (cm)	32.5 (32.0, 33.0)	32.9 (32.8, 33.1)	0.101	32.7 (32.1, 33.2)	33.0 (32.7, 33.2)	0.280
Abdominal circumference (cm)	30.9 (30.3, 31.5)	31.8 (31.5, 32.0)	0.007	31.3 (30.4, 32.1)	31.8 (31.5, 32.1)	0.191
Crown-heel length (cm)	46.6 (45.8, 47.5)	47.7 (47.4, 48.1)	0.021	46.8 (45.8, 47.8)	47.4 (47.0, 47.9)	0.245
Ponderal index (g/[length in cm]³)	2.7 (2.6, 2.9)	2.8 (2.7, 2.8)	0.431	2.7 (2.5, 2.9)	2.8 (2.7, 2.9)	0.107
Cord haemoglobin (g/L)	132 (124, 141)	138 (135, 142)	0.178	134 (122, 146)	138.0 (133, 143)	0.500

Note. Values are percent [n], mean (95% confidence interval) or ranks (range). SGA, small-for-gestational-age (<10^th percentile of Hadlock standard); P <0.05 highlighted in bold.
^a Includes 556 women with ≥ 1 ultrasound-estimated fetal weight.
^b Includes 275 women with ≥ 1 growth intervals based on EFW only.

ISSN: 1471-2393