Table 1 Maternal & infant characteristics and their association with gestational weight gain

Maternal age (years)**

632

<20 years

34 (5.4)

17.38 ± 7.15

20 – 29 years

350 (55.4)

15.34 ± 5.42

30 – 39 years

230 (36.4)

13.47 ± 4.96

>40 years

18 (2.8)

12.20 ± 4.12

Education level

283

Less than High School

45 (15.9)

13.71 ± 4.53

Completed High School

186 (65.7)

14.46 ± 4.96

College/Higher Education

52 (18.4)

15.34 ± 5.90

Marital status*

609

Single, Divorced, Widowed, Separated

112 (18.4)

15.66 ± 6.97

Married, Cohabiting, Partner

497 (81.6)

14.47 ± 5.08

Maternal occupation**

614

Unemployed

361 (58.8)

14.26 ± 5.18

Professional/Managerial/Sales

73 (11.6)

16.87 ± 6.20

Service/elementary occupations

180 (29.3)

14.75 ± 5.55

Parity**

632

Primiparous

123 (19.5)

17.50 ± 6.39

1- 4 children

335 (53.0)

14.49 ± 5.01

≥4 children

174 (27.5)

13.05 ± 4.72

Early pregnancy weight (13 weeks)

632

<60 kgs

44 (7.0)

14.51 ± 4.33

60 – 80 kgs

241 (38.1)

14.98 ± 5.63

80 – 100 kgs

232 (36.7)

14.34 ± 5.14

100 – 120 kgs

92 (14.6)

15.08 ± 6.08

>120 kgs

23 (3.6)

13.69 ± 5.79

Number of prenatal care visits

632

<4

129 (20.4)

14.12 (3.68)

4 - 7

255 (40.3)

14.68 (5.58)

8 – 12

207 (32.8)

14.66 (5.61)

>12

41 (6.5)

16.47 (7.76)

Delivery type**

597

Vaginal

529 (88.6)

14.41 ± 4.97

Caesarian Section

68 (11.4)

16.77 ± 8.20

Birthweight for gestational age*

632

Small (<10th percentile)

28 (4.4)

12.78 ± 5.13

Normal

506 (80.1)

14.58 ± 5.20

Large (>90th percentile)

98 (15.5)

15.75 ± 6.53

Infants size at 12 months

517

Normal (Weight-for-length <85th percentile)

350 (67.7)

14.53 ± 5.34

Overweight (85th < 95th percentile)

79 (15.3)

14.55 ± 5.50

Obese (≥95th percentile)

88 (17.0)

15.48 ± 6.26

Infant sex

517

Male

271 (52.4)

14.38 ± 5.03

Female

246 (47.6)

15.04 ± 6.06