Table 10 Summary of evidence grading for all interventions during the intrapartum period to prevent stillbirth and perinatal mortality reviewed in this paper
|
Evidence of no or negative impact (leave out of programmes) |
Uncertain evidence (need for additional research before including in programmes) |
Some evidence (may include in programmes, but further evaluation is warranted) |
Clear evidence (merits inclusion in programmes) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instrumental delivery (vacuum vs. forceps) |
X (neither method superior, but either or both should be in programs) | |||
| Comprehensive emergency obstetric care packages, including Caesarean section | X | |||
| Induction of labour (vs. expectant management) |
X (for post-term pregnancy only) | |||
| Drugs for cervical ripening and induction of labour | X | |||
| Planned Caesarean for breech presentation |
X (attendant risks in low-resource settings with poor EOC access) | |||
| Maternal hyperoxygenation for impaired fetal growth |
X (some evidence but biodynamics poorly understood) | |||
| Amnioinfusion | X | |||
| Magnesium sulphate for pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and pre-term labour | X |