Table 2 Medical history of breastfed infants participating in the study
From: Case–control study of risk factors for infectious mastitis in Spanish breastfeeding women
Variables | Case, n* (%) | Control, n* (%) | OR | 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||||
Female | 157 (42.90) | 78 (52.70) | Reference | ||
Male | 209 (57.10) | 70 (47.30) | 1.48 | 1.01–2.18 | 0.043 |
Blood type | |||||
A | 104 (39.69) | 51 (48.11) | Reference | ||
B | 29 (11.07) | 4 (3.77) | 3.56 | 1.19–10.66 | 0.011 |
AB | 16 (6.11) | 1 (0.94) | 7.85 | 1.01–60.82 | |
O | 113 (43.13) | 50 (47.17) | 1.11 | 0.69–1.78 | |
Rh factor | |||||
Positive | 240 (91.60) | 100 (94.34) | Reference | ||
Negative | 22 (8.40) | 6 (5.66) | 1.53 | 0.60–3.88 | 0.370 |
APGAR test | |||||
< 9 | 26 (7.60) | 3 (2.26) | Reference | ||
> 9 | 316 (92.40) | 130 (97.74) | 0.28 | 0.08–0.94 | 0.049 |
Jaundice | |||||
No | 244 (67.22) | 109 (74.15) | Reference | ||
Yes | 119 (32.78) | 38 (25.85) | 1.40 | 0.91–2.15 | 0.125 |
Hypoglycemia | |||||
No | 357 (97.01) | 143 (96.62) | Reference | ||
Yes | 11 (2.99) | 5 (3.38) | 0.88 | 0.30–2.58 | 0.818 |
Eczema | |||||
No | 347 (94.29) | 141 (95.27) | Reference | ||
Yes | 21 (5.71) | 7 (4.73) | 1.22 | 0.51–2.93 | 0.658 |
Thrush | |||||
No | 328 (89.13) | 143 (96.62) | Reference | ||
Yes | 40 (10.87) | 5 (3.38) | 3.49 | 1.35–9.02 | 0.006 |
Micrognathia/Retrognathia | |||||
No | 355 (96.47) | 147 (99.32) | Reference | ||
Yes | 13 (3.53) | 1 (0.68) | 5.38 | 0.70–41.52 | 0.132 |
Tongue-tie | |||||
No | 255 (71.63) | 134 (90.54) | Reference | ||
Yes | 101 (28.37) | 14 (9.46) | 3.79 | 2.09–6.89 | < 0.001 |
Child hospitalized after birth | |||||
No | 323 (90.73) | 134 (96.40) | Reference | ||
Yes | 33 (9.27) | 5 (3.60) | 2.74 | 1.05–7.16 | 0.033 |