Table 3 Maternal outcomes by study group
Outcome | Perceived labour ≥24 hours | Perceived labour <24 hours | RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 434 | n = 813 | ||
n (%) | n (%) | ||
Mode of birth | |||
Vaginal | 189 (43.5) | 412 (50.7) | 0.86 (0.76-0.98) |
Forceps or vacuum | 122 (28.1) | 237 (29.2) | 0.96 (0.80–1.16) |
Cesarean birth | 123 (28.3) | 164 (20.2) | 1.40 (1.15-1.72) |
Primary indication for cesarean | |||
Dystocia/CPD | 99 (80.5) | 122 (74.4) | 1.08 (0.95-1.23) |
Fetal Distress | 24 (19.5) | 42 (25.6) | 0.76 (0.49–1.19) |
Length of time from admission to birth (minutes, mean ± sd) | 714.6 ± 467.9 | 580.7 ± 441.6 | p < .001 |
Length of first stage (minutes, mean ± sd) | 916.1 ± 501.0 | 775.5 ± 417.8 | p < .001 |
Length of second stage (minutes, mean ± sd) | 125.3 ± 92.5 | 118.1 ± 97.8 | ns |
Cervical dilation on admission ≤ 3 cm | 223 (52.0) | 347 (43.3) | 1.21 (1.07-1.36) |
Continuous Electronic Fetal Monitoring | 316 (72.8) | 533 (65.6) | 1.11 (1.03-1.20) |
IV fluids | 384 (88.5) | 629 (77.6) | 1.14 (1.08–1.20) |
Augmentation of labour | 331 (76.3) | 65 (57.2) | 1.33 (1.23–1.44) |
Analgesia | |||
Narcotic (IM or IV) | 206 (47.5) | 320 (39.4) | 1.21 (1.06–1.37) |
Nitrous Oxide | 294 (67.7) | 568 (69.9) | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) |
Epidural analgesia | 327 (75.3) | 495 (60.9) | 1.18 (1.09–1.28) |
Blood loss | |||
After vaginal birth (>500 cc) | 65 (19.9) | 112 17.2) | 1.21 (0.92-1.59) |
After cesarean birth (>1000 cc) | 5 (4.1) | 6 (3.7) | 1.11 (0.353.56) |