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  1. The influence of different diagnostic thresholds for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on pregnancy outcomes is not fully understood. Degrees of glucose intolerance according to the Carpenter-Coustan (CC) cr...

    Authors: Mei-Chun Lu, Song-Shan Huang, Yuan-Horng Yan and Panchalli Wang
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:231
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Maternal age at delivery and cesarean section rates are increasing. In older women, the decision on delivery mode may be influenced by a reported increased risk of surgical interventions during labor and compl...

    Authors: Lina Herstad, Kari Klungsøyr, Rolv Skjærven, Tom Tanbo, Lisa Forsén, Thomas Åbyholm and Siri Vangen
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:230
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. In the latest report of Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey (EDHS) 2011, the Maternal Mortality Ratio was estimated at 676/100,000 live births. Most of these deaths are preventable. Increasing the proportion...

    Authors: AlemayehuSayih Belay and EndalewGemechu Sendo
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:229
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Domestic violence during pregnancy is not only a severe public health issue that jeopardizes maternal and foetal health but also violates human rights. The aim was to explore the prevalence and incidence of domes...

    Authors: Hafrún Finnbogadóttir, Anna-Karin Dykes and Christine Wann-Hansson
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:228
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The fetal anomaly ultrasound only detects 65 to 81 % of the patients with congenital heart disease, making it the most common structural fetal anomaly of which a significant part is missed during prenatal life...

    Authors: Kim M. J. Verdurmen, Carlijn Lempersz, Rik Vullings, Christian Schroer, Tammo Delhaas, Judith O. E. H. van Laar and S. Guid Oei
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:227
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  6. Estimating the true risk of fetal malformations attributable to the use of medications is difficult and perception of risk by health professionals will impact their counseling and treatment of patients who nee...

    Authors: Charlotte Gils, Anton Pottegård, Zandra Nymand Ennis and Per Damkier
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:226
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. Several clinical trials have reported L-arginine and sildenafil citrate had effect on intrauterine growth restrictio...

    Authors: Juncao Chen, Xiaoyuan Gong, Pingyang Chen, Kaiju Luo and Xiuquan Zhang
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:225
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. The aim of our study was to examine maternal weight gain as well as nutrient intake in pregnancy throughout each trimester compared to current recommendations in a low-risk population and its correlation to bi...

    Authors: Anke Diemert, Susanne Lezius, Mirja Pagenkemper, Gudula Hansen, Alina Drozdowska, Kurt Hecher, Petra Arck and Birgit C. Zyriax
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:224
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Despite the global burden of perinatal deaths, there is currently no single, globally-acceptable classification system for perinatal deaths. Instead, multiple, disparate systems are in use world-wide. This inc...

    Authors: Aleena M. Wojcieszek, Hanna E. Reinebrant, Susannah Hopkins Leisher, Emma Allanson, Michael Coory, Jan Jaap Erwich, J. Frederik Frøen, Jason Gardosi, Sanne Gordijn, Metin Gulmezoglu, Alexander E. P. Heazell, Fleurisca J. Korteweg, Elizabeth McClure, Robert Pattinson, Robert M. Silver, Gordon Smith…
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:223
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Whether facility-based implementation of Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) reduces neonatal mortality at a population level in low and middle income countries (LMIC) has not been studied. Therefore, we evaluated HB...

    Authors: Roopa M. Bellad, Akash Bang, Waldemar A. Carlo, Elizabeth M. McClure, Sreelatha Meleth, Norman Goco, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Richard J. Derman, Patricia L. Hibberd, Archana Patel, Fabian Esamai, Sherri Bucher, Peter Gisore and Linda L. Wright
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:222
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. The Finnish Pre-eclampsia Consortium (FINNPEC) case-control cohort consisting of 1447 pre-eclamptic and 1068 non-pre-eclamptic women was recruited during 2008–2011 to study genetic background of pre-eclampsia ...

    Authors: Jenni Kallela, Tiina Jääskeläinen, Eija Kortelainen, Seppo Heinonen, Eero Kajantie, Juha Kere, Katja Kivinen, Anneli Pouta and Hannele Laivuori
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:221
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The mother is the only source of nutrition for fetal growth including brain development. Maternal nutritional status (anthropometry, macro- and micro-nutrients) before and/or during pregnancy is therefore a po...

    Authors: Sargoor R. Veena, Catharine R. Gale, Ghattu V. Krishnaveni, Sarah H Kehoe, Krishnamachari Srinivasan and Caroline HD Fall
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:220
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. The high rate of home deliveries conducted by unskilled birth attendants in resource-limited settings is an important global health issue because it is believed to be a significant contributing factor to mater...

    Authors: Sherri Bucher, Olive Konana, Edward Liechty, Ana Garces, Peter Gisore, Irene Marete, Constance Tenge, Evelyn Shipala, Linda Wright and Fabian Esamai
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:219
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Treatment of maternal iron-deficiency anaemia can reduce risks of prematurity and low birth weight; hence a reliable diagnosis of maternal iron needs is critical. However, erythrocyte indices and serum ferriti...

    Authors: Cristiane Campello Bresani Salvi, Maria Cynthia Braga, José Natal Figueirôa and Malaquias Batista Filho
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:218
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. While grand multiparity is now relatively rare in the developed world it is still common in Sub Saharan Africa. Although significant resources have been committed to providing modern contraceptive methods in t...

    Authors: Patrick Idoko, Glenda Nkeng and Matthew Anyawu
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:217
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Pregnant Indigenous women suffer a disproportionate burden of risk and adverse outcomes relative to non-Indigenous women. Although there has been a call for improved prenatal care, examples are scarce. Therefo...

    Authors: Richard T. Oster, Grant Bruno, Margaret Montour, Matilda Roasting, Rick Lightning, Patricia Rain, Bonny Graham, Maria J. Mayan, Ellen L. Toth and Rhonda C. Bell
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:216
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Calgary, Alberta has the fourth highest immigrant population in Canada and ethnic minorities comprise 28 % of its total population. Previous studies have found correlations between minority status and poor pre...

    Authors: Alexandra M. Robinson, Karen M. Benzies, Sharon L. Cairns, Tak Fung and Suzanne C. Tough
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:215
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Limited studies have examined ethnic variation in breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in developing countries. This study investigated ethnic variation in feeding practices in mothers with childr...

    Authors: Tuan T. Nguyen, Phuong H. Nguyen, Nemat Hajeebhoy, Huan V. Nguyen and Edward A. Frongillo
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:214
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Current clinical guidelines and national policy in England support offering ‘low risk’ women a choice of birth setting, but despite an increase in provison of midwifery units in England the vast majority of wo...

    Authors: Jennifer Hollowell, Yangmei Li, Reem Malouf and James Buchanan
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:213
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Spontaneous preterm birth is a complex syndrome with multiple pathways interactions determining its occurrence, including genetic, immunological, physiologic, biochemical and environmental factors. Despite gre...

    Authors: Jose G. Cecatti, Renato T. Souza, Karolina Sulek, Maria L. Costa, Louise C. Kenny, Lesley M. McCowan, Rodolfo C. Pacagnella, Silas G. Villas-Boas, Jussara Mayrink, Renato Passini Jr, Kleber G. Franchini and Philip N. Baker
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:212
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  21. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The main strategy for preventing PPH is the use of uterotonic drugs given prophylactically by skilled healt...

    Authors: Sam Ononge, Elialilia Sarikiaeli Okello and Florence Mirembe
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:211
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Although adequate folic acid or multivitamins can prevent up to 70 % of neural tube defects, the majority of U.S. non-pregnant women of childbearing age do not use multivitamins every day. Factors influencing ...

    Authors: Saba W. Masho, Amani Bassyouni and Susan Cha
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:210
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. To assess the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of cracked nipples in the first month postpartum.

    Authors: Kamila Juliana da Silva Santos, Géssica Silva Santana, Tatiana de Oliveira Vieira, Carlos Antônio de Souza Teles Santos, Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani and Graciete Oliveira Vieira
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:209
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. This study introduced a web-based educational intervention for Australian women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim was to improve knowledge on healthy diet and lifestyle in GDM. Evaluation of th...

    Authors: Padaphet Sayakhot, Mary Carolan-Olah and Cheryl Steele
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:208
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Maternal mortality is highest in sub-Saharan Africa. In Uganda, the WHO- MDG 5 (aimed at reducing maternal mortality by 75 % between 1990 and 2015) has not been attained. The current maternal mortality ratio (...

    Authors: Joseph Ngonzi, Yarine Fajardo Tornes, Peter Kivunike Mukasa, Wasswa Salongo, Jerome Kabakyenga, Masembe Sezalio, Kristien Wouters, Yves Jacqueym and Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:207
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Vaginal infections are a risk factor for preterm delivery. In this study, we sought to evaluate the vaginal flora of pregnant women receiving opioid maintenance therapy (OMT) in comparison to non-dependent, no...

    Authors: Alex Farr, Herbert Kiss, Michael Hagmann, Iris Holzer, Verena Kueronya, Peter W. Husslein and Ljubomir Petricevic
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:206
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The objective was to estimate the disease burden attributable to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in two referral hospitals ...

    Authors: Annettee Nakimuli, Sarah Nakubulwa, Othman Kakaire, Michael Odongo Osinde, Scovia Nalugo Mbalinda, Nelson Kakande, Rose Chalo Nabirye and Dan Kabonge Kaye
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:205
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Vitamin D insufficiency may be associated with depressive symptoms in non-pregnant adults. We performed this study to evaluate whether low maternal vitamin D levels are associated with depressive symptoms in p...

    Authors: Jennifer Anne Williams, Vivian C. Romero, Chelsea M. Clinton, Delia M. Vazquez, Sheila M. Marcus, Julie L. Chilimigras, Susan E. Hamilton, Lucy J. Allbaugh, Anjel M. Vahratian, Ronald M. Schrader and Ellen L. Mozurkewich
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:203
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Neonatal mortality accounts for an estimated 2.8 million deaths worldwide, which constitutes 44 % of under-5-mortality and 60 % of infant mortality. Neonatal mortality predictors vary by country with the avail...

    Authors: Hayelom Gebrekirstos Mengesha, Alem Desta Wuneh, Wondwossen Terefe Lerebo and Tesfay Hailu Tekle
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:202
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Obesity during pregnancy is increasing and is related to life-threatening and ill-health conditions in both mother and child. Initiating and maintaining a healthy lifestyle when pregnant with body mass index (...

    Authors: Anna Dencker, Åsa Premberg, Ellinor K. Olander, Christine McCourt, Karin Haby, Sofie Dencker, Anna Glantz and Marie Berg
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:201
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Universal access to health care services does not automatically guarantee equity in the health system. In the post Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, the progress towards universal access to maternal hea...

    Authors: Mohammad Habibullah Pulok, Md Nasim-Us Sabah, Jalal Uddin and Ulrika Enemark
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:200
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. A prenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly involves acute grief and psychological distress. The Internet has the potential to provide virtual support following the diagnosis. The overall aim was to explore commun...

    Authors: Tommy Carlsson, Mats Landqvist and Elisabet Mattsson
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:199
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Annually, around 7.9 million children are born with birth defects and the contribution of congenital malformations to neonatal mortality is generally high. Congenital malformations in children born to mothers ...

    Authors: S. Bellizzi, M. M. Ali, E. Abalos, A. P. Betran, J. Kapila, C. Pileggi-Castro, J. P. Vogel and M. Merialdi
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:198
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Congenital toxoplasmosis is associated with severe complications. German state health insurance covers rubella, but not toxoplasmosis, immunity screening. We analysed the effect of socioeconomic factors on the...

    Authors: A. E. Lange, J. R. Thyrian, S. Wetzka, S. Flessa, W. Hoffmann, M. Zygmunt, C. Fusch, H. N. Lode and M. Heckmann
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:197
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Whether certain birth positions are associated with perineal injuries and severe perineal trauma (SPT) is still unclear. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of perineal injuries of diffe...

    Authors: Malin Edqvist, Ellen Blix, Hanne K. Hegaard, Olöf Ásta Ólafsdottir, Ingegerd Hildingsson, Karen Ingversen, Margareta Mollberg and Helena Lindgren
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:196
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The expansion of the obesity epidemic is accompanied with an increase in bariatric procedures, in particular in women of reproductive age. The weight loss induced by the surgery is believed to reverse the nega...

    Authors: Goele Jans, Christophe Matthys, Sarah Bel, Lieveke Ameye, Matthias Lannoo, Bart Van der Schueren, Bruno Dillemans, Luc Lemmens, Jean-Pierre Saey, Yves van Nieuwenhove, Pascale Grandjean, Ben De Becker, Hilde Logghe, Marc Coppens, Kristien Roelens, Anne Loccufier…
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:195
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  38. The U.S. continues to have one of the lowest breastfeeding rates in the industrialized world. Studies have shown that full-time employment and early return to work decreased breastfeeding duration, but little ...

    Authors: Rada K. Dagher, Patricia M. McGovern, Jesse D. Schold and Xian J. Randall
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:194
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. External (to the fetus) stressors may act together with maternal factors as well as fetal and placental factors to increase the risk of stillbirth. Data published in 2011 indicate non-left side sleeping positi...

    Authors: Ingela Rådestad, Taina Sormunen, Lisa Rudenhed and Karin Pettersson
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:193
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. The perinatal period, i.e. pregnancy, childbirth and early infancy, is a significant transition period where the biological and the social strongly intersect. In low and middle-income countries the disease bur...

    Authors: Shanti Raman, Rachel Nicholls, Jan Ritchie, Husna Razee and Samaneh Shafiee
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:192
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Detection and management of antenatal risk factors is critical for improved maternal and infant outcomes. This study describes the proportion of pregnant women who self-reported being screened for and offered ...

    Authors: Amy Waller, Jamie Bryant, Emilie Cameron, Mohamed Galal, Juliana Quay and Rob Sanson-Fisher
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:191
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Adiponectin is an adipocyte hormone involved in energy homeostasis and metabolism. However, its role in early infancy is poorly understood.

    Authors: Zhe-qing Zhang, Qing-gui Lu, Jie Huang, Chang-ya Jiao, Shao-ming Huang and Li-mei Mao
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:189
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. This study aims to give insight into the opinions of maternity care professionals and other stakeholders on the integration of midwife-led care and obstetrician-led care and on the facilitating and inhibiting ...

    Authors: Hilde Perdok, Suze Jans, Corine Verhoeven, Lidewij Henneman, Therese Wiegers, Ben Willem Mol, François Schellevis and Ank de Jonge
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:188
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. The 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) gestational weight recommendations are tailored to women’s pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). Limited evidence exists on methods for estimating women’s pre-pregnancy BMI,...

    Authors: Barnabas K. Natamba, Sixto E. Sanchez, Bizu Gelaye and Michelle A. Williams
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:187
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. A low physical activity (PA) level in pregnancy is associated with several adverse health outcomes. Early identification of pregnant women at risk of physical inactivity could inform strategies to promote PA, ...

    Authors: Kåre Rønn Richardsen, Ragnhild Sørum Falk, Anne Karen Jenum, Kjersti Mørkrid, Egil Wilhelm Martinsen, Yngvar Ommundsen and Sveinung Berntsen
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:186
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Knowledge on the factors associated with severe maternal morbidity enables a better understanding of the problem and serves as a foundation for the development of an effective preventive strategy. However, var...

    Authors: Mohd Noor Norhayati, Nik Hussain Nik Hazlina, Abd. Aziz Aniza and Zaharah Sulaiman
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:185
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Maternal morbidity refers to pregnancy-related complications, ranging in severity from acute to chronic. In Ireland one in 210 maternities will experience a severe morbidity. Yet, how women internalize their e...

    Authors: S. Meaney, J. E. Lutomski, L. O’ Connor, K. O’ Donoghue and R. A. Greene
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:184
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Increasingly popular mobile health (mHealth) programs have been proposed to promote better utilization of maternal, newborn and child health services. However, women who lack access to a mobile phone are often...

    Authors: Juan Nie, Jennifer Anna Unger, Susan Thompson, Marisa Hofstee, Jing Gu and Mary Anne Mercer
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:183
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. When different health problems such as pregnancy and spinal cord injury (SCI) occur together, providing adequate care becomes even more challenging. Women with SCI may encounter a variety of specific problems ...

    Authors: Sue Bertschy, Jürgen Pannek and Thorsten Meyer
    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:181
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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