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Maternal health and pregnancy

This section considers studies regarding all aspects of maternal health during pregnancy, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, obesity, anemia, hypertension, alcohol use, and all other aspects of maternal health.

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  1. The aim of the study was a retrospective comparison of the differences in maternal-foetal outcomes between women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM).

    Authors: Valentina Guarnotta, Mariagrazia Irene Mineo, Emanuela Giacchetto, Maria Pia Imbergamo and Carla Giordano

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:243

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Domestic violence during pregnancy as one of the most common social problems and major challenges of health systems can affect the health of the mother and fetus. The study aimed to compare the two groups of i...

    Authors: Sepideh Dinmohammadi, Mohsen Dadashi, Elahe Ahmadnia, Leila Janani and Roghieh Kharaghani

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:221

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and excessive body weight are two key risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes. However, it is not clear whether restricted gestational weight gain (GWG) is favorable to ...

    Authors: Wei Zheng, Wenyu Huang, Cheng Liu, Qi Yan, Li Zhang, Zhihong Tian, Xianxian Yuan and Guanghui Li

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:216

    Content type: Research article

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  4. China has one of the highest caesarean section (C-Section) rates in the world. In recent years, China has been experiencing a massive flow of migration due to rapid urbanization. In this study, we aimed to dif...

    Authors: Ming Liu, Mengqi Xue, Qing Yang, Wenchong Du, Xiaoling Yan, Jing Tan, Tao Duan and Jing Hua

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:215

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Premature delivery is among the leading causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity in developed societies, which is an important obstetrics problem. Maternal periodontitis is a prevalent condition that has be...

    Authors: Peace Uwambaye, Cyprien Munyanshongore, Stephen Rulisa, Harlan Shiau, Assuman Nuhu and Michael S. Kerr

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:204

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Increasing the use of healthcare is a significant step in improving health outcomes in both the short and long term. However, the degree of the relationship between utilization of health services and health ou...

    Authors: Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Linus Baatiema and Abdul-Aziz Seidu

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:201

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Raising awareness of the importance of fetal movements (FMs) and advising women on the appropriate action to take if they experience reduced FMs, is important for minimising or avoiding adverse perinatal outco...

    Authors: Valerie Smith, Kathryn Muldoon, Vivienne Brady and Hannah Delaney

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:197

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Every day in 2017, approximately 810 women died from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth, with 99% of these maternal deaths occurring in low and lower-middle-income countries. Sub-Saharan Af...

    Authors: Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale, Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema and Koku Sisay Tamirat

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:192

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Zinc is an essential element for normal embryogenesis and embryonic and neonatal development. Therefore, we compared the birth weights of neonates born to mothers who consumed zinc supplement during pregnancy ...

    Authors: Hassan Boskabadi, Gholamali Maamouri, Javad Akhondian, Farah Ashrafzadeh, Abbas Boskabadi, Raheleh Faramarzi, Elahe Heidar, Nafiseh Pourbadakhshan, Seyed Reza Habibzadeh Shojaei, Maryam Zakerihamidi, Atiyeh Mohammadzadeh Vatanchi, Mohammad Sokhtanloo, Naghmeh Razaghi, Farnaz Kalani, Hosein Ataei, Azadeh Darabi…

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:187

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Pregnancy loss is common and several factors (e.g. chromosomal anomalies, parental age) are known to increase the risk of occurrence. However, much existing research focuses on recurrent loss; comparatively li...

    Authors: Erin Strumpf, Ariella Lang, Nichole Austin, Shelley A. Derksen, James M. Bolton, Marni D. Brownell, Dan Chateau, Patricia Gregory and Maureen I. Heaman

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:185

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Approximately one in five pregnant women have obesity. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of antenatal, intrapartum, and perinatal complications, but many women with obesity have uncomplicated pregna...

    Authors: Sophie Relph, Yanfang Guo, Alysha L. J. Harvey, Matias C. Vieira, Daniel J. Corsi, Laura M. Gaudet and Dharmintra Pasupathy

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:182

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Preeclampsia is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response. Recent studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. This study aims to investigate whethe...

    Authors: Linmei Zheng, Rong Tang, Lei Shi, Mei Zhong and Zhongyi Zhou

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:177

    Content type: Research article

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  14. An unplanned pregnancy may be followed by increased depression and anxiety. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mediating role of partner’s emotional reaction to pregnancy (PERP) on the relationsh...

    Authors: Ashraf Kazemi, Maryam Ghaedrahmati and Gholamreza Kheirabadi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:168

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Physical activity is generally considered safe for the pregnant woman as well as for her fetus. In Sweden, pregnant women without contraindications are recommended to engage in physical activity for at least 3...

    Authors: Lina Meander, Maria Lindqvist, Ingrid Mogren, Jonas Sandlund, Christina E. West and Magnus Domellöf

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:166

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a self-inflammatory disease showing macrophage and neutrophil activation by inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-18. Although some cases with the flare of AO...

    Authors: Satoshi Hosoya, Miyuki Sadatsuki, Shinji Izuka, Hiroyuki Yamashita and Hajime Oishi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:163

    Content type: Case report

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  17. During pregnancy, physiological, psychological, and social changes affect pregnant women’s childcare anxiety and childrearing behavior. However, there are scarce reports on hormonal evaluation related to such ...

    Authors: Nozomi Sonoda, Kaori Takahata, Wataru Tarumi, Kazuyuki Shinohara and Shigeko Horiuchi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:162

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Preeclampsia has the greatest impact on maternal mortality which complicates nearly a tenth of pregnancies worldwide. It is one of the top five maternal mortality causes and responsible for 16 % of direct mate...

    Authors: Maru Mekie, Dagne Addisu, Minale Bezie, Abenezer Melkie, Dejen Getaneh, Wubet Alebachew Bayih and Wubet Taklual

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:160

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Associations between trajectories of systolic blood pressure (SBP) during pregnancy and pregnant outcomes remain unclear and disparate.

    Authors: Haoyue Teng, Yumei Wang, Bing Han, Jieyu Liu, Yingying Cao, Jiaxiang Wang, Xiaoyan Zhu, Jiaojiao Fu, Qi Ling, Chengqi Xiao, Zhongxiao Wan and Jieyun Yin

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:155

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Excess gestational weight gain is common and an important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Regular weighing can be used to assess and manage weight gain, but NICE guidelines do not recommend routine...

    Authors: Anne E. Ferrey, Nerys M. Astbury, Yvonne Kenworthy, Lucy Mackillop, Kerstin Frie and Susan A. Jebb

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:154

    Content type: Research article

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  21. In the entire population, an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is closely associated with chromosomal abnormalities. ARSA with additional ultrasonic findings would increase risk of chromosomal abnormalit...

    Authors: Li-Ping Chen, Yong-Feng Lai, Xiao-Hong Zhong, Jian-Hong You, Jiang-Hua Chen, Jing-Xian Xie, Xiao-Kang Chen, Xiao-Yan Chen and Guo-Rong Lyu

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:148

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Vitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient for neurological function, as it leads to the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine, which is precursor of biologically active molecule S-Adenosyl Methionine (S...

    Authors: Pooja Dhiman, Raji Ramachandran Pillai, Anand Babu Wilson, Nancy Premkumar, Balaji Bharadwaj, Veena P. Ranjan and Soundravally Rajendiran

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:146

    Content type: Research article

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  23. The promotion of vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) is the best method for the reduction of repeated cesarean sections. Nonetheless, the decisional conflict which often results from inadequate patient...

    Authors: Fatemeh Hadizadeh-Talasaz, Faezeh Ghoreyshi, Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh and Roghaieh Rahmani

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:144

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increased risk of perinatal complications for both the women and the fetuses. The association between the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and GDM has not been tho...

    Authors: Jianqiong Liu, Qiong Dai, Wei Li, Yan Guo, Anna Dai, Yanqing Wang, Mengyao Deng, Zhao Tang, Lu She, Xiaohong Chen and Mei Yang

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:142

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Although infection and inflammation within the genital tract during pregnancy is considered a major risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), there are few studies on association between vaginal microor...

    Authors: Sho Tano, Takuji Ueno, Michinori Mayama, Takuma Yamada, Takehiko Takeda, Kaname Uno, Masato Yoshihara, Mayu Ukai, Teppei Suzuki, Yasuyuki Kishigami and Hidenori Oguchi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:141

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Autoimmunity increases with age and is often commonly evaluated in women of the reproductive age group. Prevalence of thyroid antibodies is common even in euthyroid pregnant women. We aim to compare the associ...

    Authors: Zareen Kiran, Aisha Sheikh and Najmul Islam

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:136

    Content type: Research article

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  27. In 2016, the UK Chief Medical Officers revised their guidance on alcohol and advised women to abstain from alcohol if pregnant or planning pregnancy. Midwives have a key role in advising women about alcohol du...

    Authors: Lesley A. Smith, Judith Dyson, Julie Watson and Lisa Schölin

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:134

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Ectopic pregnancy is an abnormal condition in which implantation of the blastocyst occurs outside the endometrium of the uterus. It is gynecological important, particularly in the developing world, because of ...

    Authors: Urge Gerema, Tilahun Alemayehu, Getachew Chane, Diliab Desta and Amenu Diriba

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:130

    Content type: Research article

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  30. According to the World Health Organization, smoking is the most important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes in industrialized nations. As the individual factors (body mass index – BMI (kg/m2) – and cigar...

    Authors: Veronika Günther, Ibrahim Alkatout, Christoph Vollmer, Nicolai Maass, Alexander Strauss and Manfred Voigt

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:127

    Content type: Research article

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  31. To determine the effects of maternal age at first cesarean on maternal complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancy with the second cesarean.

    Authors: Shilei Bi, Lizi Zhang, Jingsi Chen, Minshan Huang, Lijun Huang, Shanshan Zeng, Yulian Li, Yingyu Liang, Jinping Jia, Suiwen Wen, Yinli Cao, Shaoshuai Wang, Xiaoyan Xu, Ling Feng, Xianlan Zhao, Yangyu Zhao…

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:126

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Maternal deaths among young women (15–24 years) shares 38% of total maternal mortality in India. Utilizing maternal health care services can reduce a substantial proportion of maternal mortality. However, ther...

    Authors: Pooja Singh, Kaushalendra Kumar Singh and Pragya Singh

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:122

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Peripartum depression is a common disorder with very high potential hazards for both the patients and their babies. The typical treatment options include antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy. However,...

    Authors: Hyune June Lee, Sung Min Kim and Ji Yean Kwon

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:118

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Before 2010, there were no regulations in Turkey regarding the number of embryos to be transferred in one cycle. In March 2010, regulations restricting this number were implemented by the Turkish Ministry of H...

    Authors: Semra Kahraman, Ipek Nur Balin Duzguner, Soner Duzguner, Yucel Sahin and Cihat Sen

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:117

    Content type: Research article

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  35. In Ecuador eclampsia and preeclampsia were identified as the third cause of maternal death. Like other Latin-American countries, Ecuador has human settlements living from 0 to more than 4000 m of altitude and ...

    Authors: Eduardo Tejera, Maria Eugenia Sánchez, Aquiles R. Henríquez-Trujillo, Yunierkis Pérez-Castillo and Marco Coral-Almeida

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:116

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) can cause premature delivery and stillbirth. Previous studies have reported that mutations in ABC transporter genes strongly influence the transport of bile salts. H...

    Authors: Xianxian Liu, Hua Lai, Siming Xin, Zengming Li, Xiaoming Zeng, Liju Nie, Zhengyi Liang, Meiling Wu, Jiusheng Zheng and Yang Zou

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:110

    Content type: Research article

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  38. As pregnancy is a physiological prothrombotic state, pregnant women may be at increased risk of developing coagulopathic and/or thromboembolic complications associated with COVID-19.

    Authors: Juliette Servante, Gill Swallow, Jim G. Thornton, Bethan Myers, Sandhya Munireddy, A. Kinga Malinowski, Maha Othman, Wentao Li, Keelin O’Donoghue and Kate F. Walker

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:108

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Composite outcomes are increasingly being used in obstetric trials. The aim of this systematic review is to critically appraise the use of composite outcomes in obstetric RCTs with an intention of identifying ...

    Authors: Dylan Herman, Kar Yee Lor, Abdul Qadree, Daphne Horn and Rohan D’Souza

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:107

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Chorangiosis is a vascular change involving the terminal chorionic villi in the placenta. It results from longstanding, low-grade hypoxia in the placental tissue, and is associated with such conditions as intr...

    Authors: Homeira Vafaei, Zinat Karimi, Mojgan Akbarzadeh-Jahromi and Fatemeh Asadian

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:99

    Content type: Research article

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  41. This study estimated the prevalence of curable sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections (STIs/RTIs) among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) in rural Zambia, evaluated the effectivenes...

    Authors: Enesia Banda Chaponda, Jane Bruce, Charles Michelo, Daniel Chandramohan and R. Matthew Chico

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:98

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Offspring of women with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of fetal growth patterns which are associated with perinatal morbidity. Our aim was to compare rates of large- and small-for-gestational age (LGA; ...

    Authors: Claire L. Meek, Rosa Corcoy, Elizabeth Asztalos, Laura C. Kusinski, Esther López, Denice S. Feig and Helen R. Murphy

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:96

    Content type: Research article

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  43. An increasing number of techniques have been used for prenatal diagnosis of genetic abnormalities. Our initial objective was to explore the value of the BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) assay for the prenatal diagnosis of...

    Authors: Jianlong Zhuang, Chunnuan Chen, Yuying Jiang, Qi Luo, Shuhong Zeng, Chunling Lv, Yuanbai Wang and Wanyu Fu

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:94

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Currently, there is a disagreement between guidelines regarding platelet count cut-off values as a sign of maternal organ damage in pre-eclampsia; the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidel...

    Authors: Michinori Mayama, Mamoru Morikawa, Takashi Yamada, Takeshi Umazume, Kiwamu Noshiro, Kinuko Nakagawa, Yoshihiro Saito, Kentaro Chiba, Satoshi Kawaguchi and Hidemichi Watari

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:91

    Content type: Research article

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  45. During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women bear considerable physical and psychological stress because of their special conditions, which combined with other stress factors such as violence, makes their situ...

    Authors: Somayyeh Naghizadeh, Mojgan Mirghafourvand and Roghaye Mohammadirad

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:88

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Pregnancy is a unique period with the increased likelihood of psychological changes and emotional disturbances such as depression, anxiety, and stress. In this study, we investigated the factors influencing de...

    Authors: Afsaneh Keramat, Mina Malary, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Nastaran Bagherian and Mohammad-Reza Rajabi-Shakib

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:87

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Women frequently complain of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) during pregnancy due to multiple physiological and potentially pathological changes. Still, there is limited data on the characteristics of LUTS...

    Authors: Jaffar H. Saffarini, Qais T. Ahmad, Ahmad M. Samara, Dima S. Jabri, Zaina H. Safarini, Yousra M. Banijaber, Ahmad Jaradat, Faris Abushamma and Sa’ed H. Zyoud

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:84

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Prenatal anxiety has been a significant public health issue globally, leading to adverse health outcomes for mothers and children. The study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, a...

    Authors: Wenping Ding, Jianmei Lu, Yan Zhou, Weizhong Wei, Zhihong Zhou and Min Chen

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:80

    Content type: Research article

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  49. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel disease which has been having a worldwide affect since December 2019. Evidence regarding the effects of SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy is conflicting. The presen...

    Authors: Anna Suy, Itziar Garcia-Ruiz, Melchor Carbonell, Pablo Garcia-Manau, Carlota Rodo, Nerea Maiz, Elena Sulleiro, Andres Anton, Juliana Esperalba, Nuria Fernández-Hidalgo, Marie Antoinette Frick, Fatima Camba, Tomas Pumarola and Elena Carreras

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:78

    Content type: Study protocol

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  50. An accumulating body of literature indicates that magnesium deficiency is associated with a number of hormone-related conditions (HRC) in women, and epidemiological studies are needed to assess its prevalence ...

    Authors: Svetlana Orlova, Galina Dikke, Gisele Pickering, Natalya Yaltseva, Sofya Konchits, Kirill Starostin and Alina Bevz

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:76

    Content type: Research article

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