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Fetal medicine

This section considers studies focused on the fetal complications of pregnancy, including but not limited to: fetal anomalies, assessment fetal well-being, fetal growth restriction, fetal interventions, and prenatal diagnosis of fetal conditions.

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  1. Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) treatment is critical to support survival and lung maturation in preterm infants, however, its effect on feeding and growth is unclear. Prior preterm delivery, it remains uncert...

    Authors: Jiajia Jing, Yiheng Dai, Yanqi Li, Ping Zhou, Xiaodong Li, Jiaping Mei, Chunyi Zhang, Per Trop Sangild, Zhaoxie Tang, Suhua Xu, Yanbin Su, Xiaoying He and Yanna Zhu

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:50

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is recommended to prevent potential neurological injury or intrauterine foetal death (IUFD) of the co-twin(s) in complicated monochorionic (MC) pregnancies. However, the impacts o...

    Authors: Hongmei Wang, Qian Zhou, Xietong Wang, Jia Song, Pengzheng Chen, Yanyun Wang, Lei Li and Hongyan Li

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:41

    Content type: Research article

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  3. The complexity of fetal medicine (FM) referrals that can be managed within obstetric units is dependent on the availability of specialist ultrasound expertise. Telemedicine can effectively transfer real-time u...

    Authors: V. J. Smith, A. Marshall, M.L.S Lie, E. Bidmead, B. Beckwith, E. Van Oudgaarden and S. C. Robson

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:38

    Content type: Research article

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  5. To determine whether advanced maternal age (AMA) causes changes in the maternal serum markers of Trisomy 21, 18 and open neural tube defects (ONTD) during the second trimester of pregnancy. Our research aims t...

    Authors: Yiming Chen, Xue Wang, Liyao Li, Sha Lu and Zhifen Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:776

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The fetal adrenal gland is a highly vascularized organs and develops two recognizable distinct zones in uetro, inner fetal zone (FZ) and outer definitive zone (DZ). Based on the region supplied, middle adrenal...

    Authors: Ran Xu, Ziling Zhu, Wenjuan Tang, Qichang Zhou and Shi Zeng

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:774

    Content type: Research article

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  7. The reactivity of the pulmonary vascular bed to the administration of oxygen is well established in the post-natal circulation. The vasoreactivity demonstrated by the fetal pulmonary artery Doppler waveform in...

    Authors: Ann McHugh, Colm Breatnach, Neidin Bussmann, Orla Franklin, Afif El-Khuffash and Fionnuala M. Breathnach

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:706

    Content type: Research article

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  9. The prenatal diagnosis of microhydranencephaly is important and needs to be distinguished from anencephaly, because unlike anencephaly, fetuses with microhydranencephaly can survive after birth. Herein, we rep...

    Authors: Takahiro Omoto, Toshifumi Takahashi, Keiya Fujimori and Shogo Kin

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:688

    Content type: Case report

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  10. To identify the relationship between quadruple test for aneuploidy screening (alpha-fetoprotein: AFP; free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin: b-hCG; unconjugated estriol: uE3 and inhibin-A: IHA) and fetal grow...

    Authors: Rakchanok Boonpiam, Chanane Wanapirak, Supatra Sirichotiyakul, Ratanaporn Sekararithi, Kuntharee Traisrisilp and Theera Tongsong

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:621

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Fetal double aortic arch (DAA) malformation is a rare congenital heart disease with few reported cases in the literature. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound and postnatal comput...

    Authors: Qiao Guo, Yifan Kong, Shi Zeng, Jiawei Zhou, Xiaofang Wang, Quanliang Shang, Jia Zhou, Hongxia Yuan, Ling Wang, Lili Tong, Aijiao Yi and Qichang Zhou

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:614

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) is characterized by atresia of the left umbilical vein while the right umbilical vein remains open. Given the limited sample size of most studies, the incidence of PRUV a...

    Authors: Jingyu Li, Qian Yuan, Hao Ding, Zeyu Yang, Bing Wang and Bin Wang

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:610

    Content type: Research article

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  13. The “Ex-Utero Intrapartum Treatment” (EXIT) procedure allows to ensure fetal airway before completion of delivery and umbilical cord clamping while keeping uteroplacental circulation. Airway obstruction in fet...

    Authors: Lutgardo García-Díaz, Angel Chimenea, Juan Carlos de Agustín, Antonio Pavón and Guillermo Antiñolo

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:598

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has revolutionized the prenatal screening landscape with its high accuracy and low false positive rate for detecting Trisomy 21, 18 and 13. Good understanding of its benefi...

    Authors: Liying Yang and Wei Ching Tan

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:579

    Content type: Research article

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  15. The fetal adrenal gland receives rising awareness as a predictor of spontaneous preterm birth. We hereby provide longitudinal growth assessments of the fetal adrenal gland in a low risk population with an addi...

    Authors: Janina Goletzke, Mirja Pagenkemper, Christian Wiessner, Franziska Rüber, Petra Arck, Kurt Hecher and Anke Diemert

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:570

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Strategies to improve prenatal detection of small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates are necessary because its association with poorer perinatal outcome. This study evaluated, in pregnancies with first trimest...

    Authors: Raquel Mula, Eva Meler, Sandra García, Gerard Albaigés, Bernat Serra, Elena Scazzocchio and Pilar Prats

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:563

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Peters anomaly is a rare form of anterior segment ocular dysgenesis, the antenatal image of Peters anomaly had not been reported. We herein showcased a discordant finding of Peters anomaly in a monozygotic twi...

    Authors: Yao-Lung Chang, An-Shine Chao, Ching-Yu Chou, Shuenn-Dyh Chang, Ming-Chou Chiang and Yung-Sung Lee

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:558

    Content type: Case report

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  18. Haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) is the most common aetiology of haemolytic anaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia in foetuses and neonates. Studies on the distribution of antibodies that cause hae...

    Authors: Si Li, Zhiming He, Yanmin Luo, Yanli Ji, Guangping Luo, Qun Fang and Yu Gao

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:539

    Content type: Research article

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  19. In recent years it has become clear that fetal anomalies can already be detected at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy by two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound. This is why increasingly in developed countri...

    Authors: C. S. Pietersma, A. G. M. G. J. Mulders, L. M. Moolenaar, M. G. M. Hunink, A. H. J. Koning, S. P. Willemsen, A. T. J. I. Go, E. A. P. Steegers and M. Rousian

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:515

    Content type: Study protocol

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  20. Hemivertebra deformity, involving one or multiple vertebral bodies, is one of the important causes of congenital scoliosis. Congenital fetal hemivertebrae could be diagnosed by ultrasonography and confirmed by...

    Authors: Tingting Xu, Xiaodong Wang, Haiyan Yu and Fumin Zhao

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:479

    Content type: Case report

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  22. Twin growth discordance was demonstrated to be a risk factor for adverse perinatal outcomes, and prenatal ultrasonographic methods were utilized to predict twin growth discordance to improve outcomes. The resu...

    Authors: Ting Yuan, Chao Li, Yan yan Wang, Wei Wang, Xue lan Li, Fen Li and Zhen Han

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:433

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Hypoxia delays brain maturation and contributes to neurodevelopmental morbidity in fetuses with congenital heart defects (CHDs). Maternal hyperoxygenation (MH) can, in theory, promote oxygen/nutrient delivery ...

    Authors: Shi Zeng, Jiawei Zhou, Qinghai Peng, Wen Deng and Qichang Zhou

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:411

    Content type: Research article

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  24. There are still some controversies regarding the risks and benefits of fetal reduction from twins to singletons. We aimed to evaluate if fetal reduction from twins to singleton improves pregnancy outcome.

    Authors: Gal Greenberg, Ron Bardin, Shir Danieli-Gruber, Kinneret Tenenbaum-Gavish, Anat Shmueli, Eyal Krispin, Galia Oron, Arnon Wiznitzer and Eran Hadar

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:389

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a tragic event and, despite efforts to reduce rates, its incidence remains difficult to reduce. The objective of the present study was to examine the etiological factors that...

    Authors: Lorenzo Monasta, Manuela Giangreco, Emanuele Ancona, Fabio Barbone, Elisa Bet, Pierino Boschian-Bailo, Giovanna Cacciaguerra, Angelo Cagnacci, Melania Canton, Maddalena Casarotto, Manola Comar, Simona Contardo, Michela De Agostini, Francesco De Seta, Giovanni Del Ben, Carla Di Loreto…

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:384

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare but serious complication in pregnancy that places the mother and fetus at high risk for morbidity and mortality. This case illustrates novel pregnancy compli...

    Authors: Marti D. Soffer, Pavan K. Bendapudi, Drucilla J. Roberts, P. Kaitlyn Edelson, David J. Kuter, Jeffrey L. Ecker, Allison Bryant and Ilona T. Goldfarb

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:365

    Content type: Case report

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  27. Fraser syndrome or “cryptophthalmos syndrome” is a rare autosomal recessive disease. It is characterized by a group of congenital malformations such as: crytophthalmos, syndactyly, abnormal genitalia, and malf...

    Authors: Muhamad Zakaria Brimo Alsaman, Sarab Agha, Hala Sallah, Rayan Badawi, Mohammad Nour Kitaz, Abdullah Assani and Hamdi Nawfal

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:358

    Content type: Case report

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  28. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is the most common hematological malignancy during pregnancy. The first-line treatment for HL in pregnancy is the standard ABVD regimen without any drug and/or dose adjustment. However, d...

    Authors: Camille Cotteret, Yen-Vi Pham, Ambroise Marcais, Marine Driessen, Salvatore Cisternino and Joël Schlatter

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:231

    Content type: Case report

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  29. Since conjoined twins were thought to be monoamniotic in the past, diamniotic conjoined twins would be improbable theoretically. Body stalk anomaly is a severe defect of the body wall, which is rare among twin...

    Authors: Guishuang Xiang, Yanting Wen, Li Zhang, Xiaoqian Tong and Lu Li

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:221

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  30. Trichorionic triplet pregnancy reduction to twin pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of preterm delivery but not with a lower risk of miscarriage. However, data on dichorionic triamniotic (DCTA) triplet ...

    Authors: Pei Cai, Yan Ouyang, Fei Gong and Xihong Li

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:165

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  31. Congenital limb malformations are rare, and their perinatal outcomes are not well described. This study analyzed the perinatal outcomes of infants with congenital limb malformations.

    Authors: Alex Farr, Eva Wachutka, Dieter Bettelheim, Karin Windsperger and Sebastian Farr

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:35

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare, life threatening obstetric complication, often associated with severe coagulopathy. Induced abortions are extremely safe procedures however complications including AFE ...

    Authors: Halley P. Crissman, Charisse Loder, Carlo Pancaro and Jason Bell

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:9

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  33. Worldwide approximately 2.6 million are stillborn, mostly occurring in developing countries. In the great part these deaths are inexplicable. The evenness and standardisation of the diagnostic criteria are pre...

    Authors: Anna M. Lavezzi, Francesco Piscioli, Teresa Pusiol, Gianfranco Jorizzo and Stefano Ferrero

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:526

    Content type: Technical advance

    Published on:

  34. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy has dramatically reduced the risk of perinatal HIV transmission. However, studies have shown an association between premature delivery and the use of ART dur...

    Authors: Ameyo Djeha, Sylvie Girard, Helen Trottier, Fatima Kakkar, Hugo Soudeyns, Marc Boucher, Normand Lapointe and Isabelle Boucoiran

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:482

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Congenital malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) consist of a wide range of birth defects of multifactorial origin.

    Authors: Jacopo Troisi, Luigi Giugliano, Laura Sarno, Annamaria Landolfi, Sean Richards, Steven Symes, Angelo Colucci, Giuseppe Maruotti, David Adair, Marco Guida, Pasquale Martinelli and Maurizio Guida

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:471

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. Fetal conditions can pose significant challenges in the management of pregnancies complicated by pre-existing maternal medical conditions.

    Authors: Claire M. McCarthy, Alya al-Madhani, Suzanne Smyth, Nóirín E. Russell, Ruwan Wimalasundera and Keelin O’Donoghue

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:377

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  39. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of the different anti-erythrocytic alloantibodies, to describe pregnancy outcomes according to a low-risk and high-risk classification for fetal anemia a...

    Authors: María Ángeles Sánchez-Durán, María Teresa Higueras, Cecilia Halajdian-Madrid, Mayte Avilés García, Andrea Bernabeu-García, Nerea Maiz, Nuria Nogués and Elena Carreras

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:356

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. Spontaneous multiple pregnancies are rare, and the incidence of spontaneous triplet pregnancy is about 1/4000. TRAP (Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion) sequence has acardiac foetus with non-viable multiple anom...

    Authors: Engin Yıldırım

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:328

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  41. Monochorionic multifetal pregnancies are at increased risk of adverse perinatal outcome because of placental vascular anastomoses. We present a case of multicystic encephalomalacia and gastrointestinal injury ...

    Authors: Po Lam So, Ka Wah Li, Tsz Wai Yeung and Wai Kuen Sin

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:311

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  42. Different strategies have been designed for clinical implementation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing. We aimed to evaluate the performance of a contingent strategy based on conventional screening and offering ...

    Authors: María Ángeles Sánchez-Durán, Andrea Bernabeu García, Inés Calero, Jordi Ramis Fossas, Tamara Illescas, María Teresa Avilés, Nerea Maiz and Elena Carreras

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:274

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. Non-invasive electrophysiological assessment (NIEA) is an evolving area in fetal surveillance and is attracting increasing research interest. There is however, limited data outlining its utility in evaluating ...

    Authors: Vinayak Smith, Amrish Nair, Ritesh Warty, Joel Arun Sursas, Fabricio da Silva Costa and Euan Morrison Wallace

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:230

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Expectant parents often have optimistic expectations of the obstetric ultrasound examination and are unprepared for a diagnosis of foetal anomaly. Research that gives voice to the experiences of immigrants fac...

    Authors: Tommy Carlsson, Banaz Balbas and Elisabet Mattsson

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:154

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Antenatal corticosteroids have been proven to prevent adverse outcomes including respiratory morbidities in preterm neonates before 34 weeks of gestation. Recently, it has been suggested that antenatal cortico...

    Authors: Subeen Hong, Seung Mi Lee, Dong Wook Kwak, Joongyub Lee, So Yeon Kim, Jeong Won Oh, Sohee Oh, Chan-Wook Park, Joong Shin Park, Jin Hoon Chung and Jong Kwan Jun

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:114

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  46. Transient donor hydrops (TDH) is defined as donor hydrops developed within days after laser therapy for twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) followed by resolution later. The purpose of this study was to eval...

    Authors: Yao-Lung Chang, An-Shine Chao, Shuenn-Dyh Chang, Wen-Fang Li and Po-Jen Cheng

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:87

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. When cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing is used as a secondary screening tool following combined first-trimester screening (cFTS), cFTS is used to estimate the prior risk for chromosome abnormalities. This study ai...

    Authors: Annisa Mak, Helena Lee, C. F. Poon, S. L. Kwok, Teresa Ma, K. Y. K. Chan, Anita Kan, Mary Tang and K. Y. Leung

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:55

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (NIFECG) is an evolving technology in fetal surveillance which is attracting increasing research interest. There is however, only limited data outlining the reference range...

    Authors: Vinayak Smith, Senthuran Arunthavanathan, Amrish Nair, Diane Ansermet, Fabricio da Silva Costa and Euan Morrison Wallace

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2018 18:370

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently emerged as a teratogenic infectious agent associated with severe fetal cerebral anomalies. Other microorganisms (TORCH agents) as well as genetic disorders and toxic agents may l...

    Authors: Manon Vouga, David Baud, Eugénie Jolivet, Fatiha Najioullah, Alice Monthieux and Bruno Schaub

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2018 18:356

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  50. Among the non-invasive screening methods for the identification of fetal aneuploidy, NIPT (non-invasive prenatal testing) shows the highest sensitivity and specificity in high-risk pregnancies. Due to the low ...

    Authors: So Yeon Kim, Seung Mi Lee, Jong Kwan Jun, You Jung Han, Min Hyoung Kim, Jae-Yoon Shim, Mi-Young Lee, Soo-young Oh, JoonHo Lee, Soo Hyun Kim, Dong Hyun Cha, Geum Joon Cho, Han-Sung Kwon, Byoung Jae Kim, Mi Hye Park, Hee Young Cho…

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2018 18:307

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

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