Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of infant outcomes NICU admission, APGAR score, and SGA by PNC (n = 4,347)

NICU Admission

Unadjusted Model

Prenatal Care

Less than 10

1.967(1.520,2.544)

1642.5

 < 0.0001

10 or more

1

Adjusted Model

Prenatal Care

Less than 10

10 or more

1.84(1.41,2.42)

19.5

 < 0.0001

Covariates

Payment Method

WV Medicaid

1

Other

0.95(0.750,1.21)

0.16

0.6932

Race

White

1

Non-White

1.10(0.75,1.61)

0.19

0.6635

Parity

0

1

1 or more

0.98(0.76,1.27)

0.03

0.8716

Smoking

No

1

Yes

0.91(0.69,1.20)

0.49

0.4842

Substance Use

No

1

Yes

1.42(1.05,1.91)

5.15

0.0232

Diabetes

No

1

Yes

2.46(1.57,3.85)

15.42

 < 0.0001

5- minute APGAR score less than 7

Unadjusted Model

Prenatal Care

0.2469

Less than 10

3.33(2.107,5.255)

967.3

 < 0.0001

10 or more

1

Adjusted Model

Prenatal Care

Less than 10

3.26(2.03,5.22)

23.98

 < 0.0001

10 or more

1

Payment Method

WV Medicaid

1

Other

0.87(0.53, 1.42)

0.32

0.5696

Race

White

1

Non-White

1.35(0.66,2.76)

0.68

0.4088

Parity

0

1

1 or more

1.12(0.66,1.84)

0.18

0.6677

Smoking

No

1

Yes

0.90(0.52,1.58)

0.12

0.724

Substance Use

No

1

Yes

1.09(0.59,2.03)

0.08

0.7754

Diabetes

No

1

Yes

2.13(0.84,5.39)

2.54

0.1107

Infant Small for Gestational Age

Unadjusted Model

Prenatal Care

0.5415

Less than 10

1.24(0.91,1.70)

1.79

0.1814

10 or more

1

Adjusted Model

Prenatal Care

Less than 10

1.08(0.78,0.150)

0.23

0.6302

10 or more

1

Covariates

Payment Method

WV Medicaid

1

Other

1.20(0.94,1.55)

2.05

0.1521

Race

White

1

Non-White

1.39(0.93,2.06)

2.6

0.1069

Parity

0

1

1 or more

0.93(0.70,1.22)

0.31

0.5785

Smoking

No

1

Yes

1.98(1.52,2.58)

25.5

 < 0.0001

Substance Use

No

1

Yes

1.55(1.14,2.11)

7.97

0.0048

Diabetes

No

1

Yes

0.45(0.18,1.11)

3.03

0.0816

Age of Mother

1.04(0.93,1.17)

0.55

0.4591