Table 1 Sample characteristics

Age in years^d

30.13 (3.94)

15─43

32.23 (4.89)

21─56

Week of gestation^d

30.23 (6.06)

9─41

-

-

SIL^e

78.97 (20.25)

12─120

93.10 (14.83)

23.33─120

PBQ^e

12.85 (9.84)

0─93

12.63 (8.22)

0─54

PBQ^f

13.80 (10.04)

0─102

13.17 (8.22)

0─44

EPDS^d

5.52 (4.13)

0─23

3.92 (3.72)

0─23

n ^a

% ^b

n ^a

% ^b

Country of birth^d

 Germany

1032

95.9

681

97.8

 Other

44

4.1

15

2.2

Partnership status^d

 Partner

1064

99.1

695

99.9

 No partner

10

0.9

1

0.1

Academic degree^d

 University degree

636

59.2

396

57.4

 No university degree

439

40.8

294

42.6

Employment status^c,d

 Full-time

487

45.1

582

83.0

 Part-time

187

17.3

59

8.4

 Parental leave

149

13.8

0

0

 Unemployed

22

2.0

7

1.0

Parity^d

 Primiparous

852

79.6

543

79.4

 Multiparous

218

20.4

141

20.6

Mode of delivery^e

 Spontaneous VD

635

59.8

392

60.3

 Induced VD

186

17.5

113

17.4

 Operative VD

82

7.7

53

8.2

 Planned CS

72

6.8

41

6.3

 Unplanned CS

87

8.2

51

7.8

Timing of holding the baby^e

 Within first minutes

919

86.1

318

45.6

 Within first hour

101

9.5

272

39.0

  > 1 h after childbirth

47

4.4

107

15.4

Birth complications^e

 0

577

53.5

361

54.4

 1

363

33.6

218

32.8

 2

118

11.0

72

10.8

 ≥ 3

21

1.9

13

2.0