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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the FA supplement use status (n = 2095)

From: Joint effect of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and folic acid supplements on gestational diabetes mellitus risk: a prospective cohort study

 

FA-D(n = 186,8.88%)

FA-S (n = 1909,91.12%)

p-value

Age (years)

  

0.374

< 35

160(86.02)

1626(85.18)

 

≥ 35

26(13.98)

283(14.82)

 

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2)

  

0.405

< 25.0

147(79.03)

1573(82.40)

 

25.0 ≤ BMI < 30.0

34(18.28)

279(14.61)

 

≥ 30.0

5(2.69)

57(2.99)

 

Education(years)

  

0.748

Under the high school

26(13.98)

288(15.09)

 

High school and above

160(86.02)

1621(84.91)

 

Monthly income (Â¥)

  

0.320

< 5000

46(24.73)

554(29.02)

 

≥ 5000

140(75.27)

1355(70.98)

 

Parity

  

0.060

0

123(66.13)

1387(72.66)

 

≥ 1

63(33.87)

522(27.34)

 

Smoking

   

Active smoking

  

0.606

No

175(94.09)

1803(94.45)

 

Yes

11(5.91)

106(5.55)

 

Passive smoking

  

0.850

No

159(85.48)

1648(86.33)

 

pre-pregnancy

12(6.45)

108(5.66)

 

after pregnancy

0(0.00)

7(0.37)

 

pre-pregnancy to pregnancy

15(8.06)

146(7.65)

 

Drinking

  

0.653

No

182(97.85)

1849(96.86)

 

Yes

4(2.15)

60(3.14)

 

Family history of diabetes mellitus

  

0.310

No

132(70.97)

1433(75.07)

 

Yes

53(28.49)

454(23.78)

 

Unclear

1(0.54)

22(1.15)

 

Family history of hypertension

  

0.531

No

106(56.99)

1007(52.75)

 

Yes

75(40.32)

853(44.68)

 

Unclear

5(2.69)

49(2.57)

 

Fertilization way

  

0.618

Natural conception

169(90.86)

1711(89.63)

 

Non-natural conception

17(9.14)

198(10.37)

 

History of GDM

  

0.677

No

181(97.31)

1841(96.44)

 

Yes

5(2.69)

68(3.56)

 

Gestational weight gain (kg)

1.18 ± 2.70

1.21 ± 2.78

0.811

Vitamin B12 supplements

  

< 0.001

No

163(87.63)

887(46.46)

 

Yes

23(12.37)

1022(53.54)

 
  1. Data are presented as n (%), mean ± SD, P-values are determined by chi-square, independent t-test