Association between very advanced maternal age women with gestational diabetes mellitus and the risks of adverse infant outcomes: a cohort study from the NVSS 2014–2019

Table 5 Association between GDM and low birthweight in vAMA women

Variables	Model 1^a		Model 2^b		Model 3^c
Variables	OR (95%CI)	P	OR (95%CI)	P	OR (95%CI)	P
After imputation
GDM
No	Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	1.07 (1.01, 1.14)	0.030	1.10 (1.03, 1.17)	0.004	0.91 (0.84, 0.98)	0.010
Before imputation
GDM
No	Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	1.10 (1.03, 1.18)	0.005	1.12 (1.05, 1.20)	0.001	0.91 (0.84, 0.98)	0.020
Race
Asian	1.24 (1.08, 1.43)	0.003	1.28 (1.11, 1.48)	0.001	0.95 (0.80, 1.13)	0.571
Black	0.85 (0.73, 0.99)	0.042	0.87 (0.74, 1.02)	0.083	0.80 (0.66, 0.96)	0.019
White	1.09 (1.01, 1.18)	0.024	1.12 (1.03, 1.21)	0.005	0.91 (0.83, 1.00)	0.051
Other	0.75 (0.50, 1.13)	0.162	0.81 (0.54, 1.24)	0.333	0.68 (0.40, 1.17)	0.163
Infertility treatment used
Non-infertility treatment used	0.94 (0.86, 1.02)	0.112	0.97 (0.89, 1.05)	0.43	0.87 (0.79, 0.96)	0.006
Infertility treatment used	1.27 (1.15, 1.40)	< 0.001	1.24 (1.13, 1.37)	< 0.001	0.96 (0.85, 1.09)	0.551

GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus, vAMA Very advanced maternal age, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, Ref Reference, BMI Body mass index
For analysis after and before imputation and subgroup analysis by infertility treatment used:
^a Model 1 was an univariate model;
^b Model 2 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, race, education, and newborn sex;
^c Model 3 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, race, education, newborn sex, pre-pregnancy weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, delivery weight, weight gain, smoking before pregnancy, smoking status 1st trimester, hypertension eclampsia, gestational hypertension, pre-pregnancy hypertension, number of prenatal visits, plurality, prior birth now living, prior other terminations, pregnancy method, and method of delivery
For subgroup analysis by race:
^a Model 1 was an univariate model;
^b Model 2 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, education, and newborn sex;
^c Model 3 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, education, newborn sex, pre-pregnancy weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, delivery weight, weight gain, smoking before pregnancy, smoking status 1st trimester, hypertension eclampsia, gestational hypertension, pre-pregnancy hypertension, number of prenatal visits, plurality, prior birth now living, prior other terminations, pregnancy method, and method of delivery

ISSN: 1471-2393