Association between very advanced maternal age women with gestational diabetes mellitus and the risks of adverse infant outcomes: a cohort study from the NVSS 2014–2019

Table 4 Association between GDM and NICU admission in vAMA women

Variables	Model 1^a		Model 2^b		Model 3^c
Variables	OR (95%CI)	P	OR (95%CI)	P	OR (95%CI)	P
After imputation
GDM
No	Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	1.33 (1.26, 1.42)	< 0.001	1.37 (1.29, 1.46)	< 0.001	1.33 (1.23, 1.43)	< 0.001
Before imputation
GDM
No	Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	1.37 (1.28, 1.46)	< 0.001	1.40 (1.31, 1.50)	< 0.001	1.32 (1.22, 1.44)	< 0.001
Race
Asian	1.35 (1.17,1.57)	< 0.001	1.37 (1.18, 1.59)	< 0.001	1.22 (1.01, 1.48)	0.045
Black	1.15 (0.99, 1.34)	0.070	1.16 (1.00, 1.35)	0.0581	1.35 (1.11, 1.63)	0.003
White	1.40 (1.30, 1.50)	< 0.001	1.434 (1.33, 1.55)	< 0.001	1.34 (1.22, 1.47)	< 0.001
Other	1.23 (0.85, 1.77)	0.282	1.28 (0.88, 1.87)	0.195	1.65 (1.02, 2.66)	0.040
Infertility treatment used
Non-infertility treatment used	1.28 (1.18, 1.38)	< 0.0001	1.31 (1.21, 1.42)	< 0.001	1.33 (1.21, 1.46)	< 0.001
Infertility treatment used	1.40 (1.27, 1.54)	< 0.0001	1.39 (1.26, 1.53)	< 0.001	1.31 (1.16, 1.49)	< 0.001

GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus, NICU Neonatal intensive care unit, vAMA Very advanced maternal age, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, Ref Reference, BMI Body mass index
For analysis after and before imputation and subgroup analysis by infertility treatment used:
^a Model 1 was an univariate model;
^b Model 2 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, race, education, and newborn sex;
^c Model 3 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, race, education, newborn sex, pre-pregnancy weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, delivery weight, weight gain, gestational hypertension, pre-pregnancy hypertension, number of prenatal visits, plurality, total birth order, birth weight, pregnancy method, method of delivery, and preterm birth
For subgroup analysis by race:
^a Model 1 was an univariate model;
^b Model 2 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, education, and newborn sex;
^c Model 3 adjusted for maternal age at delivery, education, newborn sex, pre-pregnancy weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, delivery weight, weight gain, gestational hypertension, pre-pregnancy hypertension, number of prenatal visits, plurality, total birth order, birth weight, pregnancy method, method of delivery, and preterm birth

ISSN: 1471-2393