Table 2 Associated CNS and extra-CNS abnormalities with DWS

Central nervous system

25

29.1

 Ventriculomegaly

15

19.7

 Choroid plexus cyst

4

5.3

 Abnormal cavum of setumpellucidum

4

5.3

 Blake’s pouch cyst

1

1.3

 Meningocele

1

1.3

Cardiovascular system

21

27.6

 Ventricular septal defect

10

12.2

 Persistent left superior vena cava

3

3.9

 Ebstein anomaly

1

1.3

 Aortic riding span

1

1.3

 Uneven heart development

1

1.3

 Small internal diameter of the aortic arch

1

1.3

 Complete endocardial cushion absence

1

1.3

 Complex cardiovascular developmental malformations

3

3.9

Digestive System

10

13.2

 Gallbladder enlargement

4

5.3

 Small or undetected stomach vesicles

3

3.9

 Digestive tract obstruction

3

3.9

Extremity

8

10.5

 Abnormal posture

3

3.9

 Shortness

2

2.6

 Polydactyly

2

2.6

 Abnormal morphology

1

1.3

Kidney system

6

7.9

 Hydronephrosis

5

6.6

 Enlarged Kidney

1

1.3

 Face & Neck

6

7.9

 Neck cyst

3

3.9

 Nasal bone dysplasia

3

3.9

 Single umbilical artery

7

9.2

 Polyhydramnios

7

9.2

 Nuchal translucency thickening

4

5.3

 Intrauterine growth restriction

2

2.6

 Umbilical hernia

2

2.6

 Visceral version

1

1.3

 Umbilical cord cyst

1

1.3

 Diaphragmatic hernia

1

1.3