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Table 4 Summary of six infants prenatally diagnosed with closed spinal dysraphism/tethered cord syndrome

From: Prenatal assessment and pregnancy outcomes of foetal low-lying conus medullaris using 3D ultrasound

Cases

Postnatal imaging

Postnatal management

Postnatal development

Case1

Postal MRI detected CM at L4 and dermal cyst

One month after birth

Surgical release + excision of the dermal cyst sinus two months after birth

Seven months old, with normal development

Case2

Postnatal MRI detected CM at the L3-L4 level

Unknown MRI examination date

Surgical release at 11 months after birth

16 months old, with slightly delayed gross motor function and paediatric recommendation for observation

Case3

Postnatal MRI detected CM at L4

One month after birth

Surgical release one month after birth

Ten months old, with normal development

Case4

Postnatal MRI suggested a borderline low CM

unknown details

Expectant

no surgery

20 months old with normal development

Case5

Postnatal MRI detected lipoma and unknown CM position,

Two months after birth, suggested tethered spinal cord, location unknown

Surgical release + lipoma removal at two months after birth

18 months old, requires intermittent catheterisation

Case6

Postnatal MRI detected low CM, unknown details

Surgical release five months after birth

28 months old, with normal development