Table 5 Logistic regression analysis of factors affecting adequacy of antenatal care

Highest educational attainment

  Grade school

3 (25.00%)

9 (75.00%)

Ref

  High school, vocational, college undergraduate

112 (50.45%)

110 (49.55%)

3.05 (0.81–11.58)

0.101

  College and postgraduate course

32 (38.55%)

51 (61.45%)

1.88 (0.47–7.48)

0.369

Marital status

  Single

39 (36.79%)

67 (63.21%)

Ref

  Married

53 (50.48%)

52 (49.52%)

1.75 (1.01–3.03)

0.046

  Common-law partner

55 (52.38%)

50 (47.62%)

1.89 (1.09–3.28)

0.023

  Divorced/Separated*

0

1 (100%)

-

-

  Employment status (employed)

27 (29.67%)

64 (70.33%)

0.37 (0.22–0.63)

< 0.001

Monthly household income

  Less than 20,000

130 (44.98%)

159 (55.02%)

Ref

  20,000 to more than 50,000

17 (60.71%)

11 (39.29%)

1.89 (0.86–4.18)

0.116

Geographic location (Region)

  NCR

76 (49.67%)

77 (50.33%)

Ref

  Luzon

59 (46.09%)

69 (53.91%)

0.87 (0.54–1.39)

0.550

  Visayas

7 (30.43%)

16 (69.57%)

0.44 (0.17–1.14)

0.091

  Mindanao

5 (38.46%)

8 (61.54%)

0.63 (0.20–2.02)

0.441

Number of past pregnancies

  1

55 (37.16%)

93 (62.84%)

Ref

  2–3

67(51.54%)

63 (48.46%)

1.80 (1.11–2.90)

0.016

  4 or more

25 (64.10%)

14 (35.90%)

3.02 (1.45–6.29)

0.003

Number of abortions

  None

122 (45.19%)

148 (54.81%)

Ref

  1

19 (50.00%)

19 (50.00%)

1.21 (0.61–2.39)

0.577

  2 or more

6 (66.67%)

3 (33.33%)

2.42 (0.59–9.90)

0.217

Number of prior live births

  1

62 (38.99%)

97 (61.01%)

Ref

  2–3

63 (51.64%)

59 (48.36%)

1.67 (1.04–2.69)

0.035

  4 or more

22 (61.11%)

14 (38.89%)

2.46 (1.17–5.16)

0.017

Number of living children

  1

62 (38.99%)

97 (61.01%)

Ref

  2–3

68 (52.71%)

61 (47.29%)

1.74 (1.09–2.79)

0.020

  4 or more

17 (58.62%)

12 (42.38%)

2.22 (0.99–4.96)

0.053

  Existing medical illness (with)

12 (60.00%)

8 (40.00%)

1.80 (0.71–4.53)

0.212

  History of pregnancy complications (with)

24 (68.57%)

11 (31.43%)

2.82 (1.33–5.97)

0.007

Place of birth of most recent pregnancy

  Hospital

91 (51.12%)

87 (48.88%)

Ref

  Lying-in clinic

53 (40.77%)

77 (59.23%)

0.66 (0.42–1.04)

0.073

  Home

3 (33.33%)

6 (66.67%)

0.48 (0.12–1.97)

0.307

Distance to the nearest facility for antenatal care

  Less than 30 min

96 (49.48%)

98 (50.52%)

Ref

  30 min to 1 h

37 (40.66%)

54 (59.34%)

0.70 (0.42–1.16)

0.165

  More than 1 h

14 (43.75%)

18 (56.25%)

0.79 (0.37–1.69)

0.548

Mode of transportation

  On foot/bike

18 (36.00%)

32 (64.00%)

0.60 (0.32–1.12)

0.111

  Motorcycle

26 (50.00%)

26 (50.00%)

1.19 (0.66–2.16)

0.566

  Private vehicle

15 (68.18%)

7 (31.82%)

2.65 (1.05–6.68)

0.039

  Public transportation

108 (45.96%)

127 (54.04%)

0.94 (0.57–1.55)

0.802

Waiting time experienced

  < 15 min

14 (29.17%)

34 (70.83%)

Ref

  15–30 min

79 (47.88%)

86 (52.12%)

2.23 (1.12–4.46)

0.023

  31–60 min

25 (45.45%)

30 (54.55%)

2.02 (0.89–4.59)

0.091

  > 60 min

29 (59.18%)

20 (40.82%)

3.52 (1.51–8.19)

0.003

  Awareness of policies (aware)

120 (45.28%)

145 (54.72%)

0.77 (0.42–1.39)

0.381

  Participated in medical examination before pregnancy (with)

75 (37.31%)

126 (62.69%)

0.36 (0.23–0.58)

< 0.001

Healthcare provider

  Doctor

80 (50.96%)

77 (49.04%)

1.44 (0.93–2.25)

0.106

  Midwife

96 (60.00%)

64 (40.00%)

3.12 (1.97–4.94)

< 0.001

  Nurse

26 (29.21%)

63 (70.79%)

0.36 (0.22–0.62)

< 0.001

  Traditional Birth Attendant

2 (18.18%)

9 (81.82%)

0.25 (0.05–1.16)

0.077