Table 6 SEM Model 2 (subgroup analysis) estimation results

Primary school education attainment

1.033

0.07

14.60

< 0.001

0.89

1.17

Secondary school education attainment

0.5

0.06

9.71

< 0.001

0.44

0.66

Tertiary education attainment

0.47

0.05

9.33

< 0.001

0.37

0.57

Waged and salaried workers

1.19

0.07

16.02

< 0.001

1.04

1.33

Female employers

0.02

0.004

4.23

< 0.001

0.009

0.03

Women in leadership roles

0.12

0.05

2.69

0.007

0.03

0.22

Women in parliament

0.099

0.04

2.50

0.012

0.02

0.17

Intimate partner violence

−0.19

0.05

−3.61

< 0.001

−0.29

−0.09

Child marriage

−0.52

0.05

−10.74

< 0.001

−0.62

− 0.43

Mean Maternal mortality ratio

192.05

19.40

9.90

< 0.001

154.02

230.08

cov (mmr, gender_equality)

− 4756.436

657.6246

−7.23

< 0.001

−6045.356

−3467.515