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Table 4 Initiating causes of stillbirth in the United States, by timing of foetal death, 2014

From: Antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth rates across gestation: a cross-sectional study using the revised foetal death reporting system in the U.S.

Antepartum death (N = 4850)

n

%

A1: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities

458

9.4

A2: Infection

3

0.1

A3: Antepartum hypoxia

11

0.2

A4: Other specified antepartum disorder

271

5.6

A5: Disorders related to foetal growth

33

0.7

A6: Antepartum death of unspecified cause

1604

33.1

M1: Complications of placenta, cord and membranes

1701

35.1

M2: Maternal complications of pregnancy

173

3.6

M3: Other complications of labour and delivery

39

0.8

M4: Maternal medical and surgical conditions

444

9.2

Unknown

113

2.3

Intrapartum death (N = 364)

n

%

I1: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities

101

27.8

I2: Birth trauma

0

 

I3: Acute intrapartum event

1

0.3

I4: Infection

1

0.3

I5: Other specified intrapartum disorder

13

3.6

I6: Disorders related to foetal growth

7

1.9

I7: Intrapartum death of unspecified cause

43

11.8

M1: Complications of placenta, cord and membranes

111

30.5

M2: Maternal complications of pregnancy

35

9.6

M3: Other complications of labour and delivery

14

3.9

M4: Maternal medical and surgical conditions

32

8.8

Unknown

6

1.7

  1. Of the 12,056 foetal deaths in this study, 9024 were in areas that collected data on initiating cause of foetal death. There were 3810 stillbirths where the timing of foetal death in relation to labour was unknown, a combination of those not living during labour and no initial assessment was performed, and those with unknown timing of death