Analysis of cellular and cell free mitochondrial DNA content and reactive oxygen species levels in maternal blood during normal pregnancy: a pilot study

Table 2 Cohen’s Effect Size (Cohen’s d^*) of the mean difference between different groups

Groups→ Variable↓	NP vs 1st Trimester	NP vs 2nd Trimester	NP vs 3rd Trimester	1st vs 2nd Trimester	1st vs 3rd Trimester	2nd vs 3rd Trimester
Cellular mtDNA	2.068024	2.565929	2.948257	0.537623	1.085961	0.651487
Plasma mtDNA	3.054079	1.590088	0.955076	0.272926	0.324564	0.411512
Plasma H₂O₂	0.135034	0.641112	1.622518	0.450437	1.294916	0.780974

^*Cohen’s d was determined by calculating the mean difference between indicated groups, and then dividing the result by the pooled SD using the formula Cohen’s d = (M2 - M1) / SD_pooled, where SD_pooled = √((SD₁² + SD₂²) / 2). Criteria for size effect: 0.2–0.49 = small, 0.5–0.79 = medium and ≥ 0.8 = large size effect. Higher values indicate higher difference as underlined

ISSN: 1471-2393