Table 3 Results from studies reporting scores using depression and anxiety measurement scales
Study reference | Participants | N | Depression measure | Result of score at baseline (Mean (SD)) | Result of score at endpoint (Mean (SD)) | Anxiety measure | Result of score at baseline (Mean (SD)) | Result of score at endpoint (Mean (SD)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O’Reilly et al. 2016 | Intervention | 284 | PHQ-9 | 4.06 (0.23) | 4.41 (0.26) | |||
Control | 289 | 4.57 (0.23) | 4.39 (0.25) | |||||
Yu et al. 2017 | Intervention | 40 | SDS | 57.11 (8.27) | 47.11 (2.19)2 | SAS | 55.15 (8.23) | 43.27 (5.19)2 |
Control | 33 | 57.09 (8.49) | 54.59 (3.72) | 56.65 (8.19) | 51.39 (6.28) | |||
Gerli et al. 2018 | Intervention | 30 | HAM-D | 6.97 (1.14)2 | HAM-A | 6.47 (1.05)2 | ||
Control | 30 | 11.05 (1.67) | 10.45 (1.55) | |||||
Yin et al. 2020 | Intervention | 42 | HAM-D | 29.47 (3.62) | 24.51 (4.59) | HAM-A | 31.67 (4.67) | 15.49 (3.48)1,2 |
Control | 42 | 29.86 (3.11) | 17.63 (4.82)1 | 34.58 (4.29) | 22.37 (2.86)1 | |||
Intervention | 42 | SDS | 64.83 (3.81) | 51.48 (2.67) | SAS | 66.52 (4.21) | 39.45 (3.83) 1,2 | |
Control | 42 | 64.72 (4.22) | 68.63 (7.15) | 66.19 (4.68) | 42.56 (3.77) 1 | |||
Zhang et al. 2020 | Intervention | 30 | HAM-D | 43.91 (4.52) | 21.19 (3.24)2 | HAM-A | 32.74 (3.53) | 17.65 (2.31)2 |
Control | 30 | 43.94 (4.56) | 34.27 (4.37) | 32.76 (3.71) | 29.41 (3.42) | |||
Liang et al. 2020 | Intervention | 40 | SDS | 25.77 (3.79)2 | SAS | 32.48 (2.55)2 | ||
Control | 40 | 55.79 (10.84) | 47.89 (9.23) | |||||
Parfenova et al. 2020 | Intervention | 57 | Self-generated questionnaire on global anxiety | 3.7 (1.0) | 3.8 (1.0) | |||
Control | 56 | 3.9 (1.1) | 4.1 (1.0) | |||||
Guo et al. 2021 | Intervention | 160 | WHOQOL-BREF (Psychological QoL)# | 12.81 (1.87) | 14.20 (2.17)1,2 | |||
Control | 160 | 13.75 (1.87) | 14.46 (1.92)1 | |||||
Pan et al. 2021 | Intervention | 35 | HAM-D | 10.94 (2.01) | 7.01 (1.38)1,2 | HAM-A | 9.62 (1.22) | 6.58 (1.01)1,2 |
Control | 35 | 9.69 (1.22) | 6.58 (1.01)1 | 10.02 (1.49) | 7.95 (1.24)1 |