Author, Year, Country [reference] | Objective | Population | Methods | GRADE (Risk of Bias) /CASP (unmet methodological quality criteria) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participants, n | Mean age (years) (SD /range) | Education (%) | Race (%) | Pregnancy period, Reason for VTE risk in pregnancy | Indication for the use of LMWH | Study design [Data Collection Methods] | Outcome presentation: Measurement instrument | |||
Anderson, 1993 [43] Canada | To determine the following: (1) whether women requiring subcutaneous heparin therapy during pregnancy preferred administering the drug through an indwelling Teflon catheter as opposed to receiving twice daily subcutaneous injections and (2) the efficacy and feasibility of administering heparin through an indwelling Teflon catheter | 12 | 28.6 | NR | NR | Period: Ante-partum Reason: Previous VTE event | Prevention/ Treatment | Cross-sectional [Questionnaire] | Non-utility: Researchers self-developed questionnaire |
Moderate risk of bias |
Bates 2016 [41], Eckman 2015 [47], Multicenter: Canada, USA, Brazil, Finland, Norway and Spain | To compare women's choices regarding thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy | 123 | 33.94 (6.2) | (1) Not complete high school: 13.8% (2) Completed high school: 18.7% (3) Some post-secondary or higher: 67.5% | NR | Period: Ante-partum Reason: Previous VTE event | Prevention | Cross-sectional [Value elicitation exercises and Direct choice exercise] | Utility: Direct techniques: VAS Non-utility: Direct choice exercise |
Moderate risk of bias |
Guimicheva 2019 [40] UK | To explore women's views, experiences and adherence to postnatal thromboprophylaxis | 67 | 36.2 (4.4) | NR | Caucasian (73.1) African-Caribbean (23.9) Other (3.0) | Period: Post-partum Reason: Previous obstetric complications | Prevention | Cross-sectional [Questionnaire] | Non-utility: BMQ- questionnaire |
Serious risk of bias |
Hordern, 2015 [42] UK | To assess reported patient compliance with a standard course of postnatal thromboprophylaxis in the form of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) | 111 | NR | NR | NR | Period: Post-partum Reason: Multiple risk factors for VTE: Previous VTE event, unprecedented thrombophilia thrombosis, and previous obstetric complications | Prevention | Cross-sectional [Structured interview] | Non-utility: Researchers self-developed questionnaire |
Serious risk of bias |
Martens, 2007 [45] Canada | To explore the unique experiences, challenges, and coping strategies of pregnant women diagnosed with thrombophilia and who are on daily heparin injections | 9 | 30 to 36 | NR | NR | Period: Ante-partum and post-partum Reason: Unprecedented thrombophilia thrombosis | Prevention | Qualitative [Semi-structured interview] | Qualitative: Analytical themes | 4 and 6a |
Patel 2012 [44] UK | To monitor women's adherence to enoxaparin when prescribed during pregnancy and the puerperium and to explore women's views and beliefs about the enoxaparin prescribed | 95 (quantitative) 30 (qualitative) | 33.03 years (range 18–46) | NR | Caucasian (56.8) African-Caribbean (31.6) Asian (4.2) Other (7.4) | Period: Ante-partum and post-partum Reason: Multiple risk factors for VTE: Previous VTE event, unprecedented thrombophilia thrombosis, and previous obstetric complications | Prevention/ Treatment | Multiple methodology [questionnaire with open-ended questions] | Non-utility: BMQ- questionnaire Qualitative: Open-ended questions |
Moderate risk of bias |
Skeith 2021 [46] Canada | To understand how patients and physicians navigate the decision-making process for use of LMWH and/or ASA in pregnancy | 10 | NR | NR | NR | Period: Ante-partum and post-partum Reason: Unprecedented thrombophilia thrombosis and previous obstetric complications: at least 1 prior late pregnancy loss (> 10 weeks gestation) or 2 early pregnancy losses (< 10 weeks gestation) | Prevention | Qualitative [Semi-structured interview] | Qualitative: Analytical themes | 4 and 6a |