Table 2 Associations between late antenatal care initiation (> 12 gestational weeks) and exposure variables

Ethnicity (baseline = W British)

 W Other

2.07 (1.93, 2.21)

1.92(1.76,2.09)

2.24(2.05,2.46)

2.31(2.16,2.48)

2.07(1.89, 2.26)

2.65(2.40, 2.92)

1.68(1.42, 1.98)

 B Caribbean

2.16 (1.86, 2.52

2.44(2.04,2.93)

1.79(1.43,2.25)

2.37(2.03,2.78)

2.33(1.93, 2.80)

2.41(1.90, 3.04)

1.81(1.32, 2.49)

 B African

2.70(2.46,2.96)

2.73(2.43,3.05)

2.66(2.34,3.02)

3.37(3.05,3.73)

2.97(2.63, 3.36)

4.03(3.51, 4.64)

2.45(1.98, 3.03)

 Indian

1.24(1.09,1.41)

1.21(1.02,1.42)

1.29(1.08,1.55)

1.69(1.47,1.93)

1.55(1.31, 1.85)

1.89(1.56, 2.29)

1.27(0.98, 1.66)

 Pakistani

1.32(1.24,1.42)

1.54(1.42,1.67)

1.04(0.93,1.15)

1.59(1.47,1.73)

1.59(1.43, 1.76)

1.57(1.38, 1.79)

1.28(1.08, 1.52)

 Bangladeshi

1.27(1.15,1.41)

1.65(1.48,1.85)

0.78(0.65,0.92)

1.56(1.40,1.75)

1.73(1.52, 1.97)

1.20(1.00, 1.45)

1.21(0.98, 1.50)

 Other

1.86(1.69,2.05)

1.78(1.58,2.01)

1.96(1.72,2.23)

2.15(1.95,2.37)

1.88(1.66, 2.13)

2.55(2.22, 2.93)

1.68(1.39, 2.03)

Area deprivation quintiles (baseline: < 20^th centile, least deprived)

 Second lowest (20-40^th)

1.26(1.11,1.43)

0.88(0.72,1.08)

1.55(1.33,1.80)

1.14(1.00,1.30)

0.79(0.65,0.97)

1.43(1.22,1.67)

 Middle (40-60^th)

0.77(0.70,0.85)

0.92(0.81,1.05)

0.65(0.57,0.74)

0.64(0.58,0.71)

0.75(0.66,0.86)

0.55(0.48,0.63)

 Second highest (60-80^th)

0.87(0.80,0.95)

1.23(1.10,1.38)

0.58(0.52,0.65)

0.60(0.55,0.66)

0.84(0.75,0.95)

0.41(0.36,0.46)

 Most deprived (> 80^th centile)

1.07(0.99,1.17)

1.53(1.37,1.72)

0.71(0.63,0.79)

0.68(0.62,0.74)

0.96(0.85,1.08)

0.45(0.40,0.51)

Maternal age (baseline: 26–35 years)

 ≤ 25 years

1.35(1.28,1.42)

1.29(1.21,1.38)

1.43(1.33,1.54)

1.42(1.35,1.51)

1.41(1.31,1.51)

1.46(1.35,1.59)

 36 and above

1.19(1.11,1.28)

1.18(1.08,1.30)

1.20(1.08,1.33)

1.07(0.99,1.15)

1.07(0.98,1.18)

1.08(0.97,1.20)

Maternal smoking (baseline: non-smoking)

1.10(1.04,1.17)

1.14(1.06,1.23)

1.04(0.96,1.14)

1.09(1.03,1.17)

1.17(1.08,1.27)

1.00(0.91,1.09)

Parity (baseline: first born)

  Second

0.73(0.69,0.78)

0.92(0.85,0.98)

0.56(0.51,0.60)

0.79(0.75,0.84)

1.00(0.93,1.07)

0.59(0.55,0.64)

  Third

0.85(0.79,0.91)

1.21(1.11,1.32)

0.49(0.44,0.55)

0.96(0.89,1.03)

1.34(1.22,1.46)

0.58(0.51,0.65)

  Fourth or higher

1.36(1.27,1.47)

1.87(1.71,2.05)

0.87(0.78,0.98)

1.65(1.52,1.79)

2.13(1.93,2.35)

1.16(1.03,1.31)

Marriage status (baseline: married/civil partners)

  Never married

1.69(1.55,1.84)

1.58(1.42,1.75)

1.88(1.66,2.14)

1.75(1.60,1.93)

1.77(1.58,1.99)

1.74(1.52,2.00)

  Divorced/separated/widowed

1.20(1.11,1.28)

1.23(1.12,1.34)

1.15(1.04,1.28)

1.26(1.16,1.37)

1.37(1.24,1.51)

1.12(0.99,1.25)

  Unknown

0.99(0.93,1.05)

0.95(0.88,1.03)

1.05(0.97,1.15)

1.01(0.95,1.08)

1.03(0.94,1.11)

1.00(0.91,1.09)

Migrant status (non-UK born)

1.65 (1.46,1.87)