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Table 2 Factors associated with probable antenatal depression (n = 1039) a

From: Prevalence and predictors of depression among women attending antenatal care in Moshi, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

 

Depression

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

 

No (≤ 13)

n(%)

Yes (> 13)

n(%)

PrRb (95%CI)

p-value

PrR (95%CI)

p-value

Age

  ≤ 25 years

486 (87.2)

71 (12.8)

1.0

   

  > 25 years

428 (89.9)

48 (10.1)

0.8 (0.6 – 1.1)

0.183

  

Education

  Primary or none

473 (89.2)

57 (10.8)

1.0

   

  Secondary

381 (87.8)

53 (12.2)

1.1 (0.8 – 1.6)

0.479

  

  High

60 (87.0)

9 (13.0)

1.2 (0.6 – 2.3)

0.565

  

Marital status

  Married

549 (92.1)

47 (7.9)

1.0

 

1.0

 

  Not married

363 (83.5)

72 (16.5)

2.1 (1.5 – 3.0)

 < 0.001

1.5 (1.0 – 2.1)

0.034

Income activities

  None

335 (86.1)

54 (13.9)

1.0

 

1.0

 

  Informal

441 (90.5)

46 (9.5)

0.7 (0.5 – 1.0)

0.041

0.8 (0.6 – 1.1)

0.190

  Formal

138 (88.5)

18 (11.5)

0.8 (0.5 – 1.4)

0.469

0.8 (0.5 – 1.3)

0.451

First pregnancy

  Yes

341 (87.7)

48 (12.3)

1.1 (0.8 – 1.6)

0.521

  

  No

573 (89.0)

71 (11.0)

1.0

   

HIV status

  Negative/Unknown

889 (88.9)

111 (11.1)

1.0

 

1.0

 

  Positive

25 (75.8)

8 (24.2)

2.2 (1.2 – 4.1)

0.015

1.4 (0.8 – 2.7)

0.255

Ever experienced violence

  Yes

287 (77.4)

84 (22.6)

4.3 (2.9 – 6.2)

 < 0.001

3.3 (2.2 – 5.0)

 < 0.001

  No

625 (94.7)

35 (5.3)

1.0

 

1.0

 

General social support

17 (14 – 21)

14 (10 – 19)

0.93 (0.90 – 0.95)

 < 0.001

0.97 (0.93 – 1.00)

0.079

Partner support

11 (8 – 12)

8 (6 – 11)

0.85 (0.82 – 0.89)

 < 0.001

0.92 (0.87 – 0.96)

 < 0.001

  1. a Numbers may not add to total due to missing values
  2. b PrR = Prevalence Ratio