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Table 4 Unadjusted and adjusted β coefficients for systolic blood pressure in women with vs. without infertility, according to the use of MAR and type of medicationa

From: History of infertility and pregnancy outcomes in Project Viva: a prospective study

Average SBP across pregnancy, mmHgb

Unadjusted

Model 1

Model 2

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

Reference: without history of infertility

 Without history of infertility (n = 1646) [ref]

0.00

0.00

0.00

 History of infertility without MAR (n = 250)

0.68

(−0.22, 1.57)

0.66

(−0.24, 1.56)

0.42

(−0.41, 1.25)

 History of infertility with CC (n = 43)c

0.86

(−1.17, 2.90)

1.03

(−0.99, 3.04)

0.80

(−1.07, 2.66)

 History of infertility with gonadotropins or GnRH agonists (n = 74)d

1.40

(−0.17, 2.97)

1.68

(0.12, 3.23)

1.91

(0.48, 3.35)

 History of infertility with other medications/treatments (n = 10)e

2.42

(−1.75, 6.60)

1.75

(−2.38, 5.87)

−0.78

(−4.59, 3.04)

Reference: history of infertility without MAR

 Without history of infertility (n = 1646)

−0.68

(−1.57, 0.22)

−0.66

(−1.56, 0.24)

−0.42

(−1.25, 0.41)

 History of infertility without MAR (n = 250) [ref]

0.00

0.00

0.00

 History of infertility with CC (n = 43)c

0.19

(−1.99, 2.37)

0.37

(−1.78, 2.52)

0.38

(−1.61, 2.37)

 History of infertility with gonadotropins or GnRH agonists (n = 74)d

0.73

(−1.02, 2.47)

1.02

(−0.71, 2.74)

1.49

(−0.09, 3.08)

 History of infertility with other medications/treatments (n = 10)e

1.75

(−2.50, 5.99)

1.09

(−3.10, 5.28)

−1.19

(−5.07, 2.68)

  1. Model 1: age at enrollment (18–29, 30–34, ≥35 years), race/ethnicity (white, Black, Asian, Hispanic, other), age at menarche (<12, 12–14, 15 years)
  2. Model 2: model 1 + pre-pregnancy BMI (continuous) and pregnancy smoking status (former, smoker during pregnancy, never smoker)
  3. CC clomiphene citrate, GnRH Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, MAR medically assisted reproduction, SBP systolic blood pressure
  4. aThe sample may not add 2201 due to missing outcome data
  5. bβ coefficient obtained from mixed regression models
  6. cIncludes CC alone (n = 16), or CC + gonadotropins or GnRH agonists (n = 27)
  7. dIncludes gonadotropins or GnRH agonists without CC
  8. eIncludes unspecified medications to induce ovulation, women who reported other treatments or did not specify treatment