Table 4 The results of random coefficients ZINB model on infant mortality in Ethiopia, 2016 EDHS

Intercept

Residence (Rural)

  Urban

0.2

0.08867

−2.201

0.027721 *

Mother Current age

− 0.022

0.004055

−5.352

< 0.0001 ***

Age of first birth

−0.026

0.005595

− 4.551

< 0.0001 ***

Birth Weight

−0.0013

9.842e-05

− 13.448

< 0.0001 ***

Breast feeding (Yes)

  No

0. 36

0.04715

7.592

< 0.0001 ***

Source of water (piped)

  Other

0.008403

0.04378

0.192

0.847788

Toilet facility (No use)

  Use

0.05693

0.04008

1.420

0.155504

Economic status (Poorest)

  Middle

− 0.1204

0.06285

−1.916

0.055332

  Richest

− 0.16

0.05931

− 2.641

0.0083 **

Contraceptive use (No)

  Yes

− 0.203

0.05555

−3.644

0.0003 ***

Marital status (Marriage)

  Other

− 0.082

0.1210

− 0.681

0.496096

Father education level (No education level)

  Primary

− 0.08

0.03956

− 1.964

0.0495 *

  Secondary & above

−0.114

0.06314

−1.802

0.071536

Father occupation (NO)

  Working

0.073

0.05306

1.373

0.169737

Mother occupation (No)

  Working

0.04

0.04157

0.863

0.388187

Birth order (First)

  2-4

0.9

0.07762

11.360

< 0.0001 ***

  ≥5

1.64

0.09742

16.843

< 0.0001 ***

Place of delivery (home)

  Health facility

0.062

0.05.192

1.190

0.234101

Birth index (with index 1)

  >1 

− 0.41

0.03654

− 11.205

< 0.0001 ***

Sex of child (Male)

  Female

0.022

0.03176

0.704

0.481214

Type of birth (Single)

  Multiple

0.314

0.07262

4.319

< 0.0001 ***

Women education level (No education)

Primary

− 0.1181056

0.0635275

− 1.859

0.063010

  Secondary & above

− 0.02046

0.09384

− 0.218

0.827404

House hold size

0.063

0.01630

3.888

0.0001***

Estimation of Fixed effect for zero inflated part

Estimate

Std. Error

z-value

Pr(>|z|)

Intercept

−1.34512

0.26289

− 5.117

< 0.0001 ***

Place of residence (Rural)

  Urban

0.45816

0.20217

2.266

0.0234 *

Breast feeding (yes)

  No

1.36809

0.20337

6.727

< 0.0001 ***

Economic status (Poorest)

  Middle

0.15264

0.16295

0.937

0.3489

  Richest

0.18216

0.14271

1.276

0.2018

Contraceptive use (No)

  Yes

0.18384

0.14174

1.297

0.1946

Marital status (Marriage)

  Other

0.25808

0.32338

0.798

0.4248

Mother occupation (No)

  Working

− 0.20082

0.11136

− 1.803

0.0713

Place of delivery (Home)

  Health facility

− 0.02153

0.13604

−0.158

0.8742

Estimation of Random effect truncated count part

Variance

Std. error

Community (Intercept)

8.03802

2.8351

Residence

0.03726

0.19303

Age of mother

0.01822

0.1350

House hold size

0.03562

0.1887